κράμβος

Ancient Greek

Etymology 1

The word has been compared with Old High German (h)rimfan (“to wrinkle, curb”). However, Furnée compares κραῦρος (kraûros, “fragile, frail”), assuming it is a form without prenasalization and with "υ" for "β". He also adduces κόμβος (kómbos, “ball, swlling; dry, parched”) and perhaps κράβυζος (krábuzos, “kind of shellfish”). Therefore the word is from Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /krám.bos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/

Adjective

κράμβος • (krámbos) m (feminine κράμβη, neuter κράμβον); first/second declension

dry
loud, ringing (of sound)

Inflection

First and second declension of κρᾰ́μβος; κρᾰ́μβη; κρᾰ́μβον (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	κρᾰ́μβος krámbos	κρᾰ́μβη krámbē	κρᾰ́μβον krámbon	κρᾰ́μβω krámbō	κρᾰ́μβᾱ krámbā	κρᾰ́μβω krámbō	κρᾰ́μβοι krámboi	κρᾰ́μβαι krámbai	κρᾰ́μβᾰ krámba
Genitive	κρᾰ́μβου krámbou	κρᾰ́μβης krámbēs	κρᾰ́μβου krámbou	κρᾰ́μβοιν krámboin	κρᾰ́μβαιν krámbain	κρᾰ́μβοιν krámboin	κρᾰ́μβων krámbōn	κρᾰ́μβων krámbōn	κρᾰ́μβων krámbōn
Dative	κρᾰ́μβῳ krámbōi	κρᾰ́μβῃ krámbēi	κρᾰ́μβῳ krámbōi	κρᾰ́μβοιν krámboin	κρᾰ́μβαιν krámbain	κρᾰ́μβοιν krámboin	κρᾰ́μβοις krámbois	κρᾰ́μβαις krámbais	κρᾰ́μβοις krámbois
Accusative	κρᾰ́μβον krámbon	κρᾰ́μβην krámbēn	κρᾰ́μβον krámbon	κρᾰ́μβω krámbō	κρᾰ́μβᾱ krámbā	κρᾰ́μβω krámbō	κρᾰ́μβους krámbous	κρᾰ́μβᾱς krámbās	κρᾰ́μβᾰ krámba
Vocative	κρᾰ́μβε krámbe	κρᾰ́μβη krámbē	κρᾰ́μβον krámbon	κρᾰ́μβω krámbō	κρᾰ́μβᾱ krámbā	κρᾰ́μβω krámbō	κρᾰ́μβοι krámboi	κρᾰ́μβαι krámbai	κρᾰ́μβᾰ krámba
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	κρᾰ́μβως krámbōs			κρᾰμβότερος krambóteros			κρᾰμβότᾰτος krambótatos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

κραμβαλέος (krambaléos)
κραμβαλίζω (krambalízō)

Etymology 2

From the adjective.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /krám.bos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/

Noun

κράμβος • (krámbos) m (genitive κράμβου); second declension

blight in grapes, when they shrivel before they are ripe

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κρᾰ́μβος; τοῦ κρᾰ́μβου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κρᾰ́μβος ho krámbos	τὼ κρᾰ́μβω tṑ krámbō	οἱ κρᾰ́μβοι hoi krámboi
Genitive	τοῦ κρᾰ́μβου toû krámbou	τοῖν κρᾰ́μβοιν toîn krámboin	τῶν κρᾰ́μβων tôn krámbōn
Dative	τῷ κρᾰ́μβῳ tôi krámbōi	τοῖν κρᾰ́μβοιν toîn krámboin	τοῖς κρᾰ́μβοις toîs krámbois
Accusative	τὸν κρᾰ́μβον tòn krámbon	τὼ κρᾰ́μβω tṑ krámbō	τοὺς κρᾰ́μβους toùs krámbous
Vocative	κρᾰ́μβε krámbe	κρᾰ́μβω krámbō	κρᾰ́μβοι krámboi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

“κράμβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“κράμβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
κράμβος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

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