гепя
Bulgarian
Etymology
Probably of expressive or onomatopoeic origin, similar to Bulgarian цепя (cepja, “to cleave”), депвам (depvam, “to strike”), тепам (tepam, “to beat, to stomp”), клепам (klepam, “to blunt, to dull an edge”). Attested also in Serbo-Croatian ге̏пити (“to steal”)
Compare also Russian го́пник (gópnik, “hooligan, ill-mannered person”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɡɛpʲɐ]
Audio (file)
Verb
ге́пя • (gépja) first-singular present indicative, pf
Conjugation
Conjugation of ге́пя (conjugation 2.1, perfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | — | ге́пил, гепи́л1 gépil, gepíl1 |
ге́пел gépel |
ге́пен gépen |
— | |
| definite subject form | — | ге́пилият, гепи́лият1 gépilijat, gepílijat1 |
— | ге́пеният gépenijat | |||
| definite object form | — | ге́пилия, гепи́лия1 gépilija, gepílija1 |
— | ге́пения gépenija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | — | ге́пила, гепи́ла1 gépila, gepíla1 |
ге́пела gépela |
ге́пена gépena | ||
| definite | — | ге́пилата, гепи́лата1 gépilata, gepílata1 |
— | ге́пената gépenata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | — | ге́пило, гепи́ло1 gépilo, gepílo1 |
ге́пело gépelo |
ге́пено gépeno |
— | |
| definite | — | ге́пилото, гепи́лото1 gépiloto, gepíloto1 |
— | ге́пеното gépenoto |
— | ||
| plural | indefinite | — | ге́пили, гепи́ли1 gépili, gepíli1 |
ге́пели gépeli |
ге́пени gépeni |
— | |
| definite | — | ге́пилите, гепи́лите1 gépilite, gepílite1 |
— | ге́пените gépenite |
— | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | ге́пя gépja |
ге́пиш gépiš |
ге́пи gépi |
ге́пим gépim |
ге́пите gépite |
ге́пят gépjat | |
| imperfect | ге́пех gépeh |
ге́пеше gépeše |
ге́пеше gépeše |
ге́пехме gépehme |
ге́пехте gépehte |
ге́пеха gépeha | |
| aorist | ге́пих, гепи́х1 gépih, gepíh1 |
ге́пи, гепи́1 gépi, gepí1 |
ге́пи, гепи́1 gépi, gepí1 |
ге́пихме, гепи́хме1 gépihme, gepíhme1 |
ге́пихте, гепи́хте1 gépihte, gepíhte1 |
ге́пиха, гепи́ха1 gépiha, gepíha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ге́пил/гепи́л1 m, ге́пила/гепи́ла1 f, ге́пило/гепи́ло1 n, or ге́пили/гепи́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and ге́пил/гепи́л1 m, ге́пила/гепи́ла1 f, ге́пило/гепи́ло1 n, or ге́пили/гепи́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and ге́пил/гепи́л1 m, ге́пила/гепи́ла1 f, ге́пило/гепи́ло1 n, or ге́пили/гепи́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and ге́пил/гепи́л1 m, ге́пила/гепи́ла1 f, ге́пило/гепи́ло1 n, or ге́пили/гепи́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ге́пел m, ге́пела f, ге́пело n, or ге́пели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ге́пил/гепи́л1 m, ге́пила/гепи́ла1 f, ге́пило/гепи́ло1 n, or ге́пили/гепи́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ге́пил/гепи́л1 m, ге́пила/гепи́ла1 f, ге́пило/гепи́ло1 n, or ге́пили/гепи́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and ге́пил/гепи́л1 m, ге́пила/гепи́ла1 f, ге́пило/гепи́ло1 n, or ге́пили/гепи́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ге́пел m, ге́пела f, ге́пело n, or ге́пели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and ге́пил/гепи́л1 m, ге́пила/гепи́ла1 f, ге́пило/гепи́ло1 n, or ге́пили/гепи́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and ге́пил/гепи́л1 m, ге́пила/гепи́ла1 f, ге́пило/гепи́ло1 n, or ге́пили/гепи́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ге́пел m, ге́пела f, ге́пело n, or ге́пели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ге́пил/гепи́л1 m, ге́пила/гепи́ла1 f, ге́пило/гепи́ло1 n, or ге́пили/гепи́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and ге́пил/гепи́л1 m, ге́пила/гепи́ла1 f, ге́пило/гепи́ло1 n, or ге́пили/гепи́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and ге́пил/гепи́л1 m, ге́пила/гепи́ла1 f, ге́пило/гепи́ло1 n, or ге́пили/гепи́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and ге́пил/гепи́л1 m, ге́пила/гепи́ла1 f, ге́пило/гепи́ло1 n, or ге́пили/гепи́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| гепи́ gepí |
гепе́те gepéte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Related terms
- кепцам (kepcam, “to get into debt, to borrow a loan without paying it back”)
References
- “гепя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “гепя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 237
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