кале

See also: Appendix:Variations of "kale" and Кале

Bulgarian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قلعه (kalʼa) (whence Modern Turkish kale), cognate with Persian کلات (“stronghold”), قلعه (“fortress”) and Arabic قلعة (“fortress”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [kɐˈlɛ]
  • Audio(file)

Noun

кале́ • (kalé) n

  1. (historical) qalat (defensive fort in the Middle East and Central Asia, typically built at inhospitable location)
  2. (colloquial) (ruins of) fortress, fortified place
    Synonyms: кре́пост (krépost), твърдина́ (tvǎrdiná)

Declension
Declension of кале́
singular plural
indefinite кале́
kalé		 калта́
kaltá
definite кале́то
kaléto		 калта́та
kaltáta

Coordinate terms
  • хиса́р (hisár, “hisar, castle”) (fortification built at hospitable location, serving as a residence)

References
  • “кале”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
  • “кале”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Macedonian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قلعه (kalʼa) (Turkish kale).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkalɛ]

Noun

кале • (kale) n

  1. (historical) fortress

Declension
Declension of кале
singular plural
indefinite кале калиња
definite unspecified калето калињата
definite proximal калево калињава
definite distal калено калињана
vocative кале калиња

Russian

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkalʲe]
  • IPA(key): [kɐˈɫorʲɪje] (phonetic respelling: кало́рие)

Noun

ка́ле • (kále) m inan

  1. prepositional singular of кал (kal)

калé • (kalé) m inan

  1. kale
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