գերի

Armenian

Etymology

From Old Armenian գերի (geri).

Pronunciation

  • (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA(key): /ɡeˈɹi/ [ɡeˈɹi] invalid IPA characters (//[])
  • (Western Armenian, standard) IPA(key): /keˈɹi/ [kʰeˈɹi] invalid IPA characters (//[])
  • (file)

Noun

գերի • (geri)

  1. captive, prisoner
    Synonym: (dialectal) եսիր (esir)

Declension

Derived terms

Adjective

գերի • (geri)

  1. captive

Declension

Old Armenian

Etymology

Usually derived from Proto-Indo-European *wreh₁- (to find), with cognates in Ancient Greek εὑρίσκω (heurískō, to find) and Old Irish ·fúar (preterite of fo·gaib (to find), assuming that the original meaning of the Armenian word is "taken, seized".[1][2][3][4]

Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer- (to bind) + (-i) and cognate with Ancient Greek ἀείρω (aeírō, to bind together) (supposedly different from ἀείρω (aeírō, to lift up, raise)), συν-ωρίς (sun-ōrís, two-horse team), Latvian virve, Lithuanian virvė, and Russian верёвка (verjóvka, rope), assuming development from an earlier meaning "bonded, bound" as in Persian بنده (bande, servant, slave).[5][6]

Similar words are found in the languages of the Caucasus: Old Georgian გერი (geri, stepchild), Georgian გერება (gereba, fending off (e.g. dogs)), Abaza гъар (ɣar), Adyghe гъэр (ğɛr), Kabardian гъэр (ğɛr, captive), Abkhaz а-ӷа́р (a-ğár, poor person).[5][7][8] They may be Armenian borrowings.

Noun

գերի • (geri)

  1. captive, prisoner
    գերի վարիլgeri varilto be prisoner
    գերի վարելgeri varelto bring captive
    գերի ունելgeri unelto keep prisoner
    գերոյ տէրgeroy tēr(post-classical) a person, whose relative is kept a hostage in foreign lands

Declension

Derived terms

  • գերած (gerac)
  • գերեակ (gereak)
  • գերեդարձ (geredarj)
  • գերեթափ (geretʻapʻ)
  • գերեկ (gerek)
  • գերեկից (gerekicʻ)
  • գերեհան (gerehan)
  • գերեմ (gerem)
  • գերեվար (gerevar)
  • գերէկ (gerēk)
  • գերէվար (gerēvar)
  • գերիչ (geričʻ)
  • գերութիւն (gerutʻiwn)
  • գերումն (gerumn)
  • գերչութիւն (gerčʻutʻiwn)
  • մարդագերի (mardageri)

Descendants

  • Armenian: գերի (geri)
  • Udi: гери (geri)

References

  1. Lidén, Evald (1906) Armenische Studien (in German), Göteborg: Wald. Zachrissons, pages 106–108
  2. Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1160
  3. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 202a
  4. J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “գերի”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, pages 157–158
  5. Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “գերի”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 543–544
  6. Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 439, 763
  7. Шагиров, А. К. (1977) К. В. Ломтатидзе, editor, Этимологический словарь адыгских (черкесских) языков [Etymological Dictionary of Adyghean (Circassian) Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, page 126
  8. J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 602

Further reading

  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “գերի”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 210
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “գերի”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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