بیش

See also: بيش

Chagatai
Chagatai cardinal numbers
 <  ۴ ۵ ۶  > 
    Cardinal : بیش (beş)
    Distributive : بیشار

Numeral

بیش (beş)

  1. five (5)

Descendants
  • Ili Turki: besh
  • Uyghur: بەش (besh)
  • Uzbek: besh

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (wyš /⁠wēš⁠/, “more”), probably borrowed from Avestan 𐬠𐬌𐬱 (biš, “twice”), from 𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬙𐬌𐬌𐬀 (daibitiia).[1][2]

Pronunciation
 

Readings
Classical reading? bēš
Dari reading? bēš
Iranian reading? biš
Tajik reading? beš

Adverb
Dari بیش
Iranian Persian
Tajik беш

بیش • (biš)

  1. more
    Synonym: بیشتر (bištar)
    این کشور بیش از پیش ثروتمند است.
    in kešvar biš az piš servatmand ast.
    This country is wealthier than before.
Descendants

References
  1. Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 115
  2. Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 487

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (byš /⁠bīš⁠/, “aconite”), from Sanskrit विषा (viṣā, “Aconitum ferox”), from विष (viṣa, “poison”), whence English bikh.

Pronunciation
 

Readings
Classical reading? bīš
Dari reading? bīš
Iranian reading? biš
Tajik reading? biš

Noun

بیش • (biš)

  1. aconite
Descendants
  • → Arabic: بِيش (bīš)
  • → Middle Armenian: բէշ (bēš), բիշ (biš), պէշ (pēš), պիշ (piš)

Further reading
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “բէշ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 446–447
  • Laufer, Berthold (1919) Sino-Iranica: Chinese contributions to the history of civilization in ancient Iran, with special reference to the history of cultivated plants and products (Fieldiana, Anthropology; 15), volume 3, Chicago: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, page 582
  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 18
  • Palatecʻi, Gēorg Dpir (1829) “պիյշ”, in Baṙaran Parskerēn əst kargi haykakan aybubenicʻ [Persian Dictionary in the Order of the Armenian Alphabet] (in Armenian), Constantinople: Boghos Arabian Press, page 442b
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “بیش”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul, page 221

Torwali

Etymology

From Sanskrit वंशी (vaṃśī, “flute”). Compare Hindi बाँसुरी (bā̃surī).

Noun

بیش (bīš)

  1. flute

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بیش (bēš).

Pronunciation

Adjective

بیش • (beš) (Hindi spelling बेश)

  1. more, greater
  2. excess, too much, a lot
    Synonyms: کافِی (kāfī), بَہَت (bahat), خُوب (xūb), اَنیک (anek)

References
  • “بیش”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • “بیش”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.

Ushojo

Noun

بیش (beš)

  1. beam
  2. beam made of wood
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