توج

See also: بوح, پوچ, بوچ, and نوح

Arabic

Root
ت و ج (t-w-j)

Etymology 1

Denominal verb of تَاج (tāj, “crown”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /taw.wa.d͡ʒa/

Verb

تَوَّجَ • (tawwaja) II, non-past يُتَوِّجُ‎ (yutawwiju)

to crown
تُوِّجَ اللَّاعِبُ بَطَلًا. ― tuwwija l-lāʕibu baṭalan. ― The athlete was crowned champion.
to coronate

Conjugation

Conjugation of

تَوَّجَ

(form-II sound)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					تَتْوِيج tatwīj
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُتَوِّج mutawwij
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُتَوَّج mutawwaj
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	تَوَّجْتُ tawwajtu	تَوَّجْتَ tawwajta	تَوَّجَ tawwaja	تَوَّجْتُمَا tawwajtumā	تَوَّجَا tawwajā	تَوَّجْنَا tawwajnā	تَوَّجْتُمْ tawwajtum	تَوَّجُوا tawwajū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	تَوَّجْتُ tawwajtu	تَوَّجْتِ tawwajti	تَوَّجَتْ tawwajat	تَوَّجْتُمَا tawwajtumā	تَوَّجَتَا tawwajatā	تَوَّجْنَا tawwajnā	تَوَّجْتُنَّ tawwajtunna	تَوَّجْنَ tawwajna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُتَوِّجُ ʔutawwiju	تُتَوِّجُ tutawwiju	يُتَوِّجُ yutawwiju	تُتَوِّجَانِ tutawwijāni	يُتَوِّجَانِ yutawwijāni	نُتَوِّجُ nutawwiju	تُتَوِّجُونَ tutawwijūna	يُتَوِّجُونَ yutawwijūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُتَوِّجُ ʔutawwiju	تُتَوِّجِينَ tutawwijīna	تُتَوِّجُ tutawwiju	تُتَوِّجَانِ tutawwijāni	تُتَوِّجَانِ tutawwijāni	نُتَوِّجُ nutawwiju	تُتَوِّجْنَ tutawwijna	يُتَوِّجْنَ yutawwijna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُتَوِّجَ ʔutawwija	تُتَوِّجَ tutawwija	يُتَوِّجَ yutawwija	تُتَوِّجَا tutawwijā	يُتَوِّجَا yutawwijā	نُتَوِّجَ nutawwija	تُتَوِّجُوا tutawwijū	يُتَوِّجُوا yutawwijū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُتَوِّجَ ʔutawwija	تُتَوِّجِي tutawwijī	تُتَوِّجَ tutawwija	تُتَوِّجَا tutawwijā	تُتَوِّجَا tutawwijā	نُتَوِّجَ nutawwija	تُتَوِّجْنَ tutawwijna	يُتَوِّجْنَ yutawwijna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُتَوِّجْ ʔutawwij	تُتَوِّجْ tutawwij	يُتَوِّجْ yutawwij	تُتَوِّجَا tutawwijā	يُتَوِّجَا yutawwijā	نُتَوِّجْ nutawwij	تُتَوِّجُوا tutawwijū	يُتَوِّجُوا yutawwijū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُتَوِّجْ ʔutawwij	تُتَوِّجِي tutawwijī	تُتَوِّجْ tutawwij	تُتَوِّجَا tutawwijā	تُتَوِّجَا tutawwijā	نُتَوِّجْ nutawwij	تُتَوِّجْنَ tutawwijna	يُتَوِّجْنَ yutawwijna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		تَوِّجْ tawwij		تَوِّجَا tawwijā			تَوِّجُوا tawwijū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		تَوِّجِي tawwijī		تَوِّجَا tawwijā			تَوِّجْنَ tawwijna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	تُوِّجْتُ tuwwijtu	تُوِّجْتَ tuwwijta	تُوِّجَ tuwwija	تُوِّجْتُمَا tuwwijtumā	تُوِّجَا tuwwijā	تُوِّجْنَا tuwwijnā	تُوِّجْتُمْ tuwwijtum	تُوِّجُوا tuwwijū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	تُوِّجْتُ tuwwijtu	تُوِّجْتِ tuwwijti	تُوِّجَتْ tuwwijat	تُوِّجْتُمَا tuwwijtumā	تُوِّجَتَا tuwwijatā	تُوِّجْنَا tuwwijnā	تُوِّجْتُنَّ tuwwijtunna	تُوِّجْنَ tuwwijna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُتَوَّجُ ʔutawwaju	تُتَوَّجُ tutawwaju	يُتَوَّجُ yutawwaju	تُتَوَّجَانِ tutawwajāni	يُتَوَّجَانِ yutawwajāni	نُتَوَّجُ nutawwaju	تُتَوَّجُونَ tutawwajūna	يُتَوَّجُونَ yutawwajūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُتَوَّجُ ʔutawwaju	تُتَوَّجِينَ tutawwajīna	تُتَوَّجُ tutawwaju	تُتَوَّجَانِ tutawwajāni	تُتَوَّجَانِ tutawwajāni	نُتَوَّجُ nutawwaju	تُتَوَّجْنَ tutawwajna	يُتَوَّجْنَ yutawwajna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُتَوَّجَ ʔutawwaja	تُتَوَّجَ tutawwaja	يُتَوَّجَ yutawwaja	تُتَوَّجَا tutawwajā	يُتَوَّجَا yutawwajā	نُتَوَّجَ nutawwaja	تُتَوَّجُوا tutawwajū	يُتَوَّجُوا yutawwajū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُتَوَّجَ ʔutawwaja	تُتَوَّجِي tutawwajī	تُتَوَّجَ tutawwaja	تُتَوَّجَا tutawwajā	تُتَوَّجَا tutawwajā	نُتَوَّجَ nutawwaja	تُتَوَّجْنَ tutawwajna	يُتَوَّجْنَ yutawwajna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُتَوَّجْ ʔutawwaj	تُتَوَّجْ tutawwaj	يُتَوَّجْ yutawwaj	تُتَوَّجَا tutawwajā	يُتَوَّجَا yutawwajā	نُتَوَّجْ nutawwaj	تُتَوَّجُوا tutawwajū	يُتَوَّجُوا yutawwajū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُتَوَّجْ ʔutawwaj	تُتَوَّجِي tutawwajī	تُتَوَّجْ tutawwaj	تُتَوَّجَا tutawwajā	تُتَوَّجَا tutawwajā	نُتَوَّجْ nutawwaj	تُتَوَّجْنَ tutawwajna	يُتَوَّجْنَ yutawwajna

Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish توج (tuc, tuç).

Alternative forms

تُونْج (tunj)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tuːd͡ʒ/

Noun

تُوج • (tūj) m

(archaic) bronze
Synonyms: فِلِزّ (filizz), بُرُونْز (burūnz)

Declension

Declension of noun تُوج (tūj)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تُوج tūj	التُّوج at-tūj	تُوج tūj
Nominative	تُوجٌ tūjun	التُّوجُ at-tūju	تُوجُ tūju
Accusative	تُوجًا tūjan	التُّوجَ at-tūja	تُوجَ tūja
Genitive	تُوجٍ tūjin	التُّوجِ at-tūji	تُوجِ tūji

References

Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “توج”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 154b
Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “تونج”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 147b

Karakhanid

Etymology

Inherited from Common Turkic *tūč (“bronze”). Cognate with Turkish tunç.

Noun

تُوجْ (tūč)

a yellowish metal, presumably bronze
اُلْ تُوجُغ يُلْرِتّٖى ― Ol tūčuğ yolrïttï̄. ― He burnished and polished the bronze.

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “tu:ç”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 449

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

تونج (tunc, tunç), طونج (tunc, tunç).

Etymology

Inherited from Common Turkic *tūč (“bronze”).

Noun

تۉج • (tuc, tuç)

bronze

Descendants

Turkish: tunç
→ Albanian: tuç, tunxh, tunsh, tuç, trunç, trunxh, truxh (archaic)
→ Arabic: تُوج (tūj), تُونْج (tunj) (archaic)
→ Armenian: թուջ (tʻuǰ)
→ Aromanian: tuciu, tunge, tungiu
→ Bulgarian: туч (tuč), тунч (tunč) (archaic)
→ Crimean Tatar: tunç, tuç
→ Georgian:
→ Greek: τούντζι (toúntzi), τούντζυ (toúntzy)
→ Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: tûnc, tunc, tûc
→ Macedonian: туч (tuč) (archaic)
→ Persian: توج (tuj) (archaic)
→ Romanian: tuci
→ Serbo-Croatian: (archaic)
Cyrillic script: ту̏ч

Latin script: tȕč

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 449, calls تونج (tunc, tunç) a more recent and secondary formation, and the Persian a Turkish loanword
Doerfer, Gerhard (1975) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission)‎ (in German), volume 4, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, pages 276–277, but here the Kurdish is said from Azerbaijani
Kélékian, Diran (1911) “توج”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 411b
Kélékian, Diran (1911) “تونج”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 418a
Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “توج”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 1453, does not even have the recent تونج (tunc, tunç) variant
Поленаковиќ, Харалампие (2007) “1546. TÚNGSE”, in Зузана Тополињска, Петар Атанасов, editors, Турските елементи во ароманскиот [Turskite elementi vo aromanskiot]‎, put into Macedonian from the author’s Serbo-Croatian Turski elementi u aromunskom dijalektu (1939, unpublished) by Веселинка Лаброска, Скопје: Македонска академија на науките и уметностите [Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite], →ISBN, page 187

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ت و ج
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic تَوَّجَ (tawwaja).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /taw.waʒ/, [ˈtaw.waʒ], [ˈtaw.wad͡ʒ]
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)

Verb

توّج • (tawwaj) II (present بتوّج (bitawwej))

to crown

Conjugation

Conjugation of توّج (tawwaj)
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	توّجت (tawwajt)	توّجت (tawwajt)	توّج (tawwaj)	توّجنا (tawwajna)	توّجتو (tawwajtu)	توّجو (tawwaju)
past	f	توّجت (tawwajt)	توّجتي (tawwajti)	توّجت (tawwajat)	توّجنا (tawwajna)	توّجتو (tawwajtu)	توّجو (tawwaju)
present	m	بتوّج (batawwej)	بتتوّج (bittawwej)	بتوّج (bitawwej)	منتوّج (mintawwej)	بتتوّجو (bittawwju)	بتوّجو (bitawwju)
present	f	بتوّج (batawwej)	بتتوّجي (bittawwji)	بتتوّج (bittawwej)	منتوّج (mintawwej)	بتتوّجو (bittawwju)	بتوّجو (bitawwju)
subjunctive	m	اتوّج (atawwej)	تتوّج (ttawwej)	يتوّج (ytawwej)	نتوّج (ntawwej)	تتوّجو (ttawwju)	يتوّجو (ytawwju)
subjunctive	f	اتوّج (atawwej)	تتوّجي (ttawwji)	تتوّج (ttawwej)	نتوّج (ntawwej)	تتوّجو (ttawwju)	يتوّجو (ytawwju)
imperative	m		توّج (tawwej)			توّجو (tawwju)
imperative	f		توّجي (tawwji)			توّجو (tawwju)

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توج

Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

References

Karakhanid

Etymology

Noun

References

Further reading

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Noun

Descendants

References

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation