خصم

Arabic

Root
خ ص م (ḵ-ṣ-m)

Verb

خَصَمَ • (ḵaṣama) I, non-past يَخْصِمُ‎ (yaḵṣimu)

  1. to defeat
  2. to deduct, to subtract; to discount

Conjugation

Descendants

  • Swahili: -hasimu

Noun

خَصْم • (ḵaṣm) m (plural خُصُوم (ḵuṣūm), feminine خَصْم (ḵaṣm))

  1. (common) adversary, opponent

Declension

Descendants

  • Azerbaijani: xəsm
  • Middle Armenian: խիսմ (xism)
  • Ottoman Turkish: خصم (hasm, hasım)
  • Persian: خصم (xasm)
  • Swahili: hasimu

Noun

خَصْم • (ḵaṣm) m

  1. verbal noun of خَصَمَ (ḵaṣama) (form I)

Declension

Noun

خُصْم • (ḵuṣm) m (plural أَخْصَام (ʔaḵṣām) or خُصُوم (ḵuṣūm))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Declension

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic خَصْم (ḵaṣm).

Noun

خصم • (hasm, hasım)

  1. enemy
    Synonyms: دشمن (düşman), یاغی (yağı)

Descendants

References

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic خَصْم (ḵaṣm).

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? xasm
Dari reading? xasm
Iranian reading? xasm
Tajik reading? xasm

Noun

Dari خصم
Iranian Persian
Tajik хасм

خَسْم • (xasm) (plural خصوم (xosum))

  1. (literary) enemy, adversary
    Synonym: دشمن (došman)
    • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 318”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:
      تو خوش می‌باش با حافظ، برو گو خصم جان می‌ده
      چو گرمی از تو می‌بینم، چه باک از خصم دم سردم
      tu xwaš mē-bāš bā hāfiz, biraw gū xasm jān mē-dah
      čū garmī az tu mē-bēnam či bāk az xasm-i dam sard-am
      Be good to Ḥāfiẓ! Go and tell my rival to give up the soul!
      When I see warmth from you, what is there to fear from the inarticulate [lit. cold-breathed] rival?
      (Classical Persian transliteration)

Derived terms

Further reading

South Levantine Arabic

Root
خ ص م
1 term

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Arabic خَصَمَ (ḵaṣama).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /xa.sˤam/

Verb

خصم • (ḵaṣam) I (present بخصم (boḵṣom))

  1. to discount (an item)
  2. to give a discount (to someone) (+ ل)
    اخصملي.
    oḵṣomlī
    Give me a discount.
Conjugation
    Conjugation of خصم (ḵaṣam)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m خصمت (ḵaṣamt) خصمت (ḵaṣamt) خصم (ḵaṣam) خصمنا (ḵaṣamna) خصمتو (ḵaṣamtu) خصمو (ḵaṣamu)
f خصمتي (ḵaṣamti) خصمت (ḵaṣmat)
present m بخصم (baḵṣom) بتخصم (btoḵṣom) بخصم (boḵṣom) منخصم (mnoḵṣom) بتخصمو (btoḵṣomu) بخصمو (boḵṣomu)
f بتخصمي (btoḵṣomi) بتخصم (btoḵṣom)
subjunctive m أخصم (ʔaḵṣom) تخصم (toḵṣom) يخصم (yoḵṣom) نخصم (noḵṣom) تخصمو (toḵṣomu) يخصمو (yoḵṣomu)
f تخصمي (toḵṣomi) تخصم (toḵṣom)
imperative m اخصم (oḵṣom) اخصمو (oḵṣomu)
f اخصمي (oḵṣomi)

Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Arabic خَصْم (ḵaṣm).

Noun

خصم • (ḵaṣm) m (plural خصوم (ḵuṣūm))

  1. discount, reduction (in price)
    المعاش بدون خصمal-maʔāš bidūn ḵaṣmgross income (lit. income without deductions)
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