دژ
Persian
Etymology 1
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dus- (“bad”)
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [duʒ], [diʒ]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [d̪ʊʒ], [d̪ɪʒ]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [d̪ʊʒ], [d̪ɪʒ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [d̪uʒ], [d̪iʒ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [d̪oʒ], [d̪eʒ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [d̪uʒ], [d̪iʒ]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | duž, diž |
| Dari reading? | duž, diž |
| Iranian reading? | dož, dež |
| Tajik reading? | duž, diž |
Etymology 2
Iranian, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰoyǵʰhos (“wall”), from the root *dʰeyǵʰ-; see there for further information.
The less common form دز (dez) is from Middle Persian KLYTA / dc (diz, “fortress”)
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [diʒ]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [d̪ɪʒ]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [d̪ɪʒ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [d̪iʒ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [d̪eʒ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [d̪iʒ]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | diž |
| Dari reading? | diž |
| Iranian reading? | dež |
| Tajik reading? | diž |
Derived terms
- دژبان (dežbân)
- دژبانی (dežbâni)
- دژدار (deždâr)
Descendants
- → Urdu: دژ (daž)
References
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “diz”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
- Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 311—316
Urdu
Etymology
From Classical Persian دژ (diž).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d̪əʒ/, /d̪ɪʒ/
Derived terms
- دژبان (dažbān, “fort-keeper”)
- دژدار (daždār)
- دژ ِ رُوئیں (daž-e-rū'ī)
References
- “دژ”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
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