سلاح

Arabic

Etymology

From the root س ل ح (s-l-ḥ). Cognate with Hebrew שֶׁלַח (shélach, “dagger, short sword”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /si.laːħ/
    • (Moroccan) IPA(key): /slaːħ/
  • Audio(file)

Noun

سِلَاح • (silāḥ) m (plural أَسْلِحَة (ʔasliḥa))

  1. weapon, arm
    • 2020 December 10, Al Jazeera‎, archived from the original on 4 January 2021:
      مَدَّدَتِ ٱلْحُكُومَةُ ٱلْأَلْمَانِيَّةُ […] ٱلْحَظْرَ ٱلْمَفْرُوضَ عَلَى تَصْدِيرِ ٱلْأَسْلِحَةِ لِلْمَمْلَكَةِ ٱلْعَرَبِيَّةِ ٱلسَّعُودِيَّةِ حَتَّى نِهَايَةِ عَامِ 2021، وَذَٰلِكَ لِلْخَوْفِ مِنِ ٱسْتِخْدَامِ ٱلسِّلَاحِ فِي ٱلْحَرْبِ ٱلَّتِي تَقُودُهَا ٱلْمَمْلَكَةُ فِي ٱلْيَمَنِ.
      maddadati l-ḥukūmatu l-ʔalmāniyyatu […] l-ḥaẓra l-mafrūḍa ʕalā taṣdīri l-ʔasliḥati lilmamlakati l-ʕarabiyyati s-saʕūdiyyati ḥattā nihāyati ʕāmi 2021, waḏālika lilḵawfi mini stiḵdāmi s-silāḥi fī l-ḥarbi llatī taqūduhā l-mamlakatu fī l-yamani.
      The German government has decided to extend the ban on exporting weapons to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia till the end of 2021, fearing the weapons’ use in the war the Kingdom wages in Yemen.
  2. branch of the armed forces
  3. armor
  4. steel claw
  5. plowshare

Declension
Declension of noun سِلَاح (silāḥ)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal سِلَاح
silāḥ		 السِّلَاح
as-silāḥ		 سِلَاح
silāḥ
Nominative سِلَاحٌ
silāḥun		 السِّلَاحُ
as-silāḥu		 سِلَاحُ
silāḥu
Accusative سِلَاحًا
silāḥan		 السِّلَاحَ
as-silāḥa		 سِلَاحَ
silāḥa
Genitive سِلَاحٍ
silāḥin		 السِّلَاحِ
as-silāḥi		 سِلَاحِ
silāḥi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal سِلَاحَيْن
silāḥayn		 السِّلَاحَيْن
as-silāḥayn		 سِلَاحَيْ
silāḥay
Nominative سِلَاحَانِ
silāḥāni		 السِّلَاحَانِ
as-silāḥāni		 سِلَاحَا
silāḥā
Accusative سِلَاحَيْنِ
silāḥayni		 السِّلَاحَيْنِ
as-silāḥayni		 سِلَاحَيْ
silāḥay
Genitive سِلَاحَيْنِ
silāḥayni		 السِّلَاحَيْنِ
as-silāḥayni		 سِلَاحَيْ
silāḥay
Plural broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَسْلِحَة
ʔasliḥa		 الْأَسْلِحَة
al-ʔasliḥa		 أَسْلِحَة
ʔasliḥat
Nominative أَسْلِحَةٌ
ʔasliḥatun		 الْأَسْلِحَةُ
al-ʔasliḥatu		 أَسْلِحَةُ
ʔasliḥatu
Accusative أَسْلِحَةً
ʔasliḥatan		 الْأَسْلِحَةَ
al-ʔasliḥata		 أَسْلِحَةَ
ʔasliḥata
Genitive أَسْلِحَةٍ
ʔasliḥatin		 الْأَسْلِحَةِ
al-ʔasliḥati		 أَسْلِحَةِ
ʔasliḥati

Descendants
  • → Armenian: սիլահ (silah)
  • → Azerbaijani: silah
  • → Ottoman Turkish: سلاح (silah)
    • Turkish: silah
    • Crimean Tatar: silâ
    • → Albanian: silah
    • → Aromanian: sileahe, sileafe, șileahe, cileahe
    • → Bulgarian: силя́х (siljáh)
    • → Greek: σιλάχι (siláchi)
    • → Romanian: sileah, sileaf, seleaf
    • → Serbo-Croatian:
  • → Persian: سلاح (selâh)
  • → Swahili: silaha

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic سِلَاح (silāḥ).

Noun

سلاح • (silah) (plural اسلحه)

  1. weapon, arms
    سفربرلك وار
    عسكر اولانلر سلاح آلتنه
    سفربرلكك برنجی گنی [...]در
    seferberlik var
    asker olanlar silah altına
    seferberliğin birinci günü [...]dır
    There is mobilization!
    Soldiers under the arms!
    First day of mobilization is [...]

Derived terms
  • سلاحدار (silahdar)
  • سلاحشور (silahşor)
  • سلاحلی (silahlı)
  • مسلح (musallah)

Descendants
  • Turkish: silah
  • Crimean Tatar: silâ
  • → Albanian: silah
  • → Aromanian: sileahe, sileafe, șileahe, cileahe
  • → Bulgarian: силя́х (siljáh)
  • → Greek: σιλάχι (siláchi)
  • → Romanian: sileah, sileaf, seleaf
  • → Serbo-Croatian:

References
  • Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “سلاح”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 2647
  • Redhouse, James W. (1890) “سلاح”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1069
  • Поленаковиќ, Харалампие (2007) “sileáhe”, in Зузана Тополињска, Петар Атанасов, editors, Турските елементи во ароманскиот [Turskite elementi vo aromanskiot]‎, put into Macedonian from the author’s Serbo-Croatian Turski elementi u aromunskom dijalektu (1939, unpublished) by Веселинка Лаброска, Скопје: Македонска академија на науките и уметностите [Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite], →ISBN, page 174

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic سِلَاح (silāḥ).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [sɪ.lɑːʱ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [sɪ.lɑː]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [si.lɔː]

Readings
Classical reading? silāh
Dari reading? silāh
Iranian reading? selâh
Tajik reading? siloh

Noun

سِلاح • (selâh) (plural سلاح‌ها (selâh-hâ) or اسلحه (aslahe))

  1. weapon

Descendants

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian سلاح (silāh), from Arabic سِلَاح (silāḥ).

Pronunciation

Noun

سِلاح • (silāh) f (formal plural اسلحہ, Hindi spelling सिला)

  1. weapon
  2. arms
  3. armor
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