صنوبر

Arabic

Etymology

From the root ص ن ب ر (ṣ-n-b-r) meaning “bitter cold”, “weather requiring hardiness to endure”, a variant of ص ب ر (ṣ-b-r) “enduring”, “patient”, “persevering”; so named for the tree being a winter-enduring evergreen tree.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sˤa.naw.bar/
- (Hijazi) IPA^(key): /sˤu.noː.bar/
- (Palestinian) IPA^(key): /snoː.bar/

Noun

صَنَوْبَر • (ṣanawbar) m (collective, singulative صَنَوْبَرَة f (ṣanawbara))

pine, pine tree
pine nut

Declension

Declension of noun صَنَوْبَر (ṣanawbar)

Collective	basic collective triptote
Collective	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَنَوْبَر ṣanawbar	الصَّنَوْبَر aṣ-ṣanawbar	صَنَوْبَر ṣanawbar
Nominative	صَنَوْبَرٌ ṣanawbarun	الصَّنَوْبَرُ aṣ-ṣanawbaru	صَنَوْبَرُ ṣanawbaru
Accusative	صَنَوْبَرًا ṣanawbaran	الصَّنَوْبَرَ aṣ-ṣanawbara	صَنَوْبَرَ ṣanawbara
Genitive	صَنَوْبَرٍ ṣanawbarin	الصَّنَوْبَرِ aṣ-ṣanawbari	صَنَوْبَرِ ṣanawbari
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
Singulative	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَنَوْبَرَة ṣanawbara	الصَّنَوْبَرَة aṣ-ṣanawbara	صَنَوْبَرَة ṣanawbarat
Nominative	صَنَوْبَرَةٌ ṣanawbaratun	الصَّنَوْبَرَةُ aṣ-ṣanawbaratu	صَنَوْبَرَةُ ṣanawbaratu
Accusative	صَنَوْبَرَةً ṣanawbaratan	الصَّنَوْبَرَةَ aṣ-ṣanawbarata	صَنَوْبَرَةَ ṣanawbarata
Genitive	صَنَوْبَرَةٍ ṣanawbaratin	الصَّنَوْبَرَةِ aṣ-ṣanawbarati	صَنَوْبَرَةِ ṣanawbarati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْن ṣanawbaratayn	الصَّنَوْبَرَتَيْن aṣ-ṣanawbaratayn	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْ ṣanawbaratay
Nominative	صَنَوْبَرَتَانِ ṣanawbaratāni	الصَّنَوْبَرَتَانِ aṣ-ṣanawbaratāni	صَنَوْبَرَتَا ṣanawbaratā
Accusative	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْنِ ṣanawbaratayni	الصَّنَوْبَرَتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣanawbaratayni	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْ ṣanawbaratay
Genitive	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْنِ ṣanawbaratayni	الصَّنَوْبَرَتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣanawbaratayni	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْ ṣanawbaratay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
Paucal (3-10)	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَنَوْبَرَات ṣanawbarāt	الصَّنَوْبَرَات aṣ-ṣanawbarāt	صَنَوْبَرَات ṣanawbarāt
Nominative	صَنَوْبَرَاتٌ ṣanawbarātun	الصَّنَوْبَرَاتُ aṣ-ṣanawbarātu	صَنَوْبَرَاتُ ṣanawbarātu
Accusative	صَنَوْبَرَاتٍ ṣanawbarātin	الصَّنَوْبَرَاتِ aṣ-ṣanawbarāti	صَنَوْبَرَاتِ ṣanawbarāti
Genitive	صَنَوْبَرَاتٍ ṣanawbarātin	الصَّنَوْبَرَاتِ aṣ-ṣanawbarāti	صَنَوْبَرَاتِ ṣanawbarāti

Descendants

→ Middle Armenian: սոնոպար (sonopar)
→ Old Georgian: სანობარი (sanobari)
→ Persian: صنوبر (senowbar)
- → Hindi: सनोवर (sanovar), सनोबर (sanobar)
→ Hebrew: צנובר

References

Wehr, Hans (1979) “صنوبر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 616
Lane, Edward William (1863) “صنبر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1730-1731
Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 40–47

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic صَنَوْبَر (ṣanawbar).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sˤu.ˈnoː.bar/, [sˤʊ.ˈno̞ː.bar]

Noun

صُنوبَر • (ṣunōbar) m (collective, singulative صُنُوبَرَة f (ṣunōbara))

pine, pine tree
pine nut

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic صَنَوْبَر (ṣanawbar, “pine”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [sa.naw.ˈbaɾ]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.näw.bǽɾ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sä.näw.bǽɾ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sä.näw.bǽɾ]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [se.now.bǽɹ]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.näw.bǽɾ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	sanawbar
Dari reading^?	sanawbar
Iranian reading^?	senowbar
Tajik reading^?	sanavbar

Noun

صنوبر • (senowbar)

poplar
(archaic) pine
Synonym: کاج (kâj)
(poetic, figurative, mainly in compounds) the slender and graceful beloved
Synonym: سرو (sarv, literally “cypress”)
- c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 11”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎:
  چندان بود کرشمه و نازِ سهی‌قدان
  کآید به جلوه سرو صنوبرخرام ما
  čandān buwad kirišma u nāz-i sahī-qaddān
  k-āyad ba jalwa sarw-i sanawbar-xarām-i mā
  The coyness and coquetry of those straight-standing ones last only so long
  Until my cypress comes in splendor with pine-like stride.
  (Classical Persian transliteration)

Descendants

→ Hindi: सनोवर (sanovar), सनोबर (sanobar)

References

Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “صنوبر”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic صَنَوْبَر (ṣanawbar).

Noun

صنوبر • (ṣnōbar) m (collective)

(collective) pine nuts
(collective) pines, pine trees
شجرة صنوبر ― šajret ṣnōbar ― a pine tree

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