قبض

See also: ق ب ض

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ق ب ض (q-b-ḍ)

Compare Hebrew קבץ (to collect, to gather).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /qa.ba.dˤa/
Audio (file)

Verb

قَبَضَ • (qabaḍa) I, non-past يَقْبِضُ‎ (yaqbiḍu)

to seize, to take, to grab
to take hold of, to take possession of
to hold
to arrest
to receive, to collect
to collect, to gather
Synonym: جَمَعَ (jamaʕa)
to contract, to constrict
to constipate
to oppress, to deject, to dishearten

Conjugation

Conjugation of

قَبَضَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun قَبْض)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					قَبْض qabḍ
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					قَابِض qābiḍ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَقْبُوض maqbūḍ
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قَبَضْتُ qabaḍtu	قَبَضْتَ qabaḍta	قَبَضَ qabaḍa	قَبَضْتُمَا qabaḍtumā	قَبَضَا qabaḍā	قَبَضْنَا qabaḍnā	قَبَضْتُمْ qabaḍtum	قَبَضُوا qabaḍū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	قَبَضْتُ qabaḍtu	قَبَضْتِ qabaḍti	قَبَضَتْ qabaḍat	قَبَضْتُمَا qabaḍtumā	قَبَضَتَا qabaḍatā	قَبَضْنَا qabaḍnā	قَبَضْتُنَّ qabaḍtunna	قَبَضْنَ qabaḍna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَقْبِضُ ʔaqbiḍu	تَقْبِضُ taqbiḍu	يَقْبِضُ yaqbiḍu	تَقْبِضَانِ taqbiḍāni	يَقْبِضَانِ yaqbiḍāni	نَقْبِضُ naqbiḍu	تَقْبِضُونَ taqbiḍūna	يَقْبِضُونَ yaqbiḍūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَقْبِضُ ʔaqbiḍu	تَقْبِضِينَ taqbiḍīna	تَقْبِضُ taqbiḍu	تَقْبِضَانِ taqbiḍāni	تَقْبِضَانِ taqbiḍāni	نَقْبِضُ naqbiḍu	تَقْبِضْنَ taqbiḍna	يَقْبِضْنَ yaqbiḍna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَقْبِضَ ʔaqbiḍa	تَقْبِضَ taqbiḍa	يَقْبِضَ yaqbiḍa	تَقْبِضَا taqbiḍā	يَقْبِضَا yaqbiḍā	نَقْبِضَ naqbiḍa	تَقْبِضُوا taqbiḍū	يَقْبِضُوا yaqbiḍū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَقْبِضَ ʔaqbiḍa	تَقْبِضِي taqbiḍī	تَقْبِضَ taqbiḍa	تَقْبِضَا taqbiḍā	تَقْبِضَا taqbiḍā	نَقْبِضَ naqbiḍa	تَقْبِضْنَ taqbiḍna	يَقْبِضْنَ yaqbiḍna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَقْبِضْ ʔaqbiḍ	تَقْبِضْ taqbiḍ	يَقْبِضْ yaqbiḍ	تَقْبِضَا taqbiḍā	يَقْبِضَا yaqbiḍā	نَقْبِضْ naqbiḍ	تَقْبِضُوا taqbiḍū	يَقْبِضُوا yaqbiḍū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَقْبِضْ ʔaqbiḍ	تَقْبِضِي taqbiḍī	تَقْبِضْ taqbiḍ	تَقْبِضَا taqbiḍā	تَقْبِضَا taqbiḍā	نَقْبِضْ naqbiḍ	تَقْبِضْنَ taqbiḍna	يَقْبِضْنَ yaqbiḍna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِقْبِضْ iqbiḍ		اِقْبِضَا iqbiḍā			اِقْبِضُوا iqbiḍū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اِقْبِضِي iqbiḍī		اِقْبِضَا iqbiḍā			اِقْبِضْنَ iqbiḍna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قُبِضْتُ qubiḍtu	قُبِضْتَ qubiḍta	قُبِضَ qubiḍa	قُبِضْتُمَا qubiḍtumā	قُبِضَا qubiḍā	قُبِضْنَا qubiḍnā	قُبِضْتُمْ qubiḍtum	قُبِضُوا qubiḍū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	قُبِضْتُ qubiḍtu	قُبِضْتِ qubiḍti	قُبِضَتْ qubiḍat	قُبِضْتُمَا qubiḍtumā	قُبِضَتَا qubiḍatā	قُبِضْنَا qubiḍnā	قُبِضْتُنَّ qubiḍtunna	قُبِضْنَ qubiḍna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقْبَضُ ʔuqbaḍu	تُقْبَضُ tuqbaḍu	يُقْبَضُ yuqbaḍu	تُقْبَضَانِ tuqbaḍāni	يُقْبَضَانِ yuqbaḍāni	نُقْبَضُ nuqbaḍu	تُقْبَضُونَ tuqbaḍūna	يُقْبَضُونَ yuqbaḍūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُقْبَضُ ʔuqbaḍu	تُقْبَضِينَ tuqbaḍīna	تُقْبَضُ tuqbaḍu	تُقْبَضَانِ tuqbaḍāni	تُقْبَضَانِ tuqbaḍāni	نُقْبَضُ nuqbaḍu	تُقْبَضْنَ tuqbaḍna	يُقْبَضْنَ yuqbaḍna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقْبَضَ ʔuqbaḍa	تُقْبَضَ tuqbaḍa	يُقْبَضَ yuqbaḍa	تُقْبَضَا tuqbaḍā	يُقْبَضَا yuqbaḍā	نُقْبَضَ nuqbaḍa	تُقْبَضُوا tuqbaḍū	يُقْبَضُوا yuqbaḍū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُقْبَضَ ʔuqbaḍa	تُقْبَضِي tuqbaḍī	تُقْبَضَ tuqbaḍa	تُقْبَضَا tuqbaḍā	تُقْبَضَا tuqbaḍā	نُقْبَضَ nuqbaḍa	تُقْبَضْنَ tuqbaḍna	يُقْبَضْنَ yuqbaḍna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقْبَضْ ʔuqbaḍ	تُقْبَضْ tuqbaḍ	يُقْبَضْ yuqbaḍ	تُقْبَضَا tuqbaḍā	يُقْبَضَا yuqbaḍā	نُقْبَضْ nuqbaḍ	تُقْبَضُوا tuqbaḍū	يُقْبَضُوا yuqbaḍū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُقْبَضْ ʔuqbaḍ	تُقْبَضِي tuqbaḍī	تُقْبَضْ tuqbaḍ	تُقْبَضَا tuqbaḍā	تُقْبَضَا tuqbaḍā	نُقْبَضْ nuqbaḍ	تُقْبَضْنَ tuqbaḍna	يُقْبَضْنَ yuqbaḍna

Antonyms

بَسَطَ (basaṭa)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /qab.ba.dˤa/

Verb

قَبَّضَ • (qabbaḍa) II, non-past يُقَبِّضُ‎ (yuqabbiḍu)

to contract, to constrict
to give into (someone's) possession
to pay (a price)

Conjugation

Conjugation of

قَبَّضَ

(form-II sound)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					تَقْبِيض taqbīḍ
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُقَبِّض muqabbiḍ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُقَبَّض muqabbaḍ
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قَبَّضْتُ qabbaḍtu	قَبَّضْتَ qabbaḍta	قَبَّضَ qabbaḍa	قَبَّضْتُمَا qabbaḍtumā	قَبَّضَا qabbaḍā	قَبَّضْنَا qabbaḍnā	قَبَّضْتُمْ qabbaḍtum	قَبَّضُوا qabbaḍū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	قَبَّضْتُ qabbaḍtu	قَبَّضْتِ qabbaḍti	قَبَّضَتْ qabbaḍat	قَبَّضْتُمَا qabbaḍtumā	قَبَّضَتَا qabbaḍatā	قَبَّضْنَا qabbaḍnā	قَبَّضْتُنَّ qabbaḍtunna	قَبَّضْنَ qabbaḍna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقَبِّضُ ʔuqabbiḍu	تُقَبِّضُ tuqabbiḍu	يُقَبِّضُ yuqabbiḍu	تُقَبِّضَانِ tuqabbiḍāni	يُقَبِّضَانِ yuqabbiḍāni	نُقَبِّضُ nuqabbiḍu	تُقَبِّضُونَ tuqabbiḍūna	يُقَبِّضُونَ yuqabbiḍūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُقَبِّضُ ʔuqabbiḍu	تُقَبِّضِينَ tuqabbiḍīna	تُقَبِّضُ tuqabbiḍu	تُقَبِّضَانِ tuqabbiḍāni	تُقَبِّضَانِ tuqabbiḍāni	نُقَبِّضُ nuqabbiḍu	تُقَبِّضْنَ tuqabbiḍna	يُقَبِّضْنَ yuqabbiḍna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقَبِّضَ ʔuqabbiḍa	تُقَبِّضَ tuqabbiḍa	يُقَبِّضَ yuqabbiḍa	تُقَبِّضَا tuqabbiḍā	يُقَبِّضَا yuqabbiḍā	نُقَبِّضَ nuqabbiḍa	تُقَبِّضُوا tuqabbiḍū	يُقَبِّضُوا yuqabbiḍū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُقَبِّضَ ʔuqabbiḍa	تُقَبِّضِي tuqabbiḍī	تُقَبِّضَ tuqabbiḍa	تُقَبِّضَا tuqabbiḍā	تُقَبِّضَا tuqabbiḍā	نُقَبِّضَ nuqabbiḍa	تُقَبِّضْنَ tuqabbiḍna	يُقَبِّضْنَ yuqabbiḍna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقَبِّضْ ʔuqabbiḍ	تُقَبِّضْ tuqabbiḍ	يُقَبِّضْ yuqabbiḍ	تُقَبِّضَا tuqabbiḍā	يُقَبِّضَا yuqabbiḍā	نُقَبِّضْ nuqabbiḍ	تُقَبِّضُوا tuqabbiḍū	يُقَبِّضُوا yuqabbiḍū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُقَبِّضْ ʔuqabbiḍ	تُقَبِّضِي tuqabbiḍī	تُقَبِّضْ tuqabbiḍ	تُقَبِّضَا tuqabbiḍā	تُقَبِّضَا tuqabbiḍā	نُقَبِّضْ nuqabbiḍ	تُقَبِّضْنَ tuqabbiḍna	يُقَبِّضْنَ yuqabbiḍna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		قَبِّضْ qabbiḍ		قَبِّضَا qabbiḍā			قَبِّضُوا qabbiḍū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		قَبِّضِي qabbiḍī		قَبِّضَا qabbiḍā			قَبِّضْنَ qabbiḍna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قُبِّضْتُ qubbiḍtu	قُبِّضْتَ qubbiḍta	قُبِّضَ qubbiḍa	قُبِّضْتُمَا qubbiḍtumā	قُبِّضَا qubbiḍā	قُبِّضْنَا qubbiḍnā	قُبِّضْتُمْ qubbiḍtum	قُبِّضُوا qubbiḍū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	قُبِّضْتُ qubbiḍtu	قُبِّضْتِ qubbiḍti	قُبِّضَتْ qubbiḍat	قُبِّضْتُمَا qubbiḍtumā	قُبِّضَتَا qubbiḍatā	قُبِّضْنَا qubbiḍnā	قُبِّضْتُنَّ qubbiḍtunna	قُبِّضْنَ qubbiḍna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقَبَّضُ ʔuqabbaḍu	تُقَبَّضُ tuqabbaḍu	يُقَبَّضُ yuqabbaḍu	تُقَبَّضَانِ tuqabbaḍāni	يُقَبَّضَانِ yuqabbaḍāni	نُقَبَّضُ nuqabbaḍu	تُقَبَّضُونَ tuqabbaḍūna	يُقَبَّضُونَ yuqabbaḍūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُقَبَّضُ ʔuqabbaḍu	تُقَبَّضِينَ tuqabbaḍīna	تُقَبَّضُ tuqabbaḍu	تُقَبَّضَانِ tuqabbaḍāni	تُقَبَّضَانِ tuqabbaḍāni	نُقَبَّضُ nuqabbaḍu	تُقَبَّضْنَ tuqabbaḍna	يُقَبَّضْنَ yuqabbaḍna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقَبَّضَ ʔuqabbaḍa	تُقَبَّضَ tuqabbaḍa	يُقَبَّضَ yuqabbaḍa	تُقَبَّضَا tuqabbaḍā	يُقَبَّضَا yuqabbaḍā	نُقَبَّضَ nuqabbaḍa	تُقَبَّضُوا tuqabbaḍū	يُقَبَّضُوا yuqabbaḍū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُقَبَّضَ ʔuqabbaḍa	تُقَبَّضِي tuqabbaḍī	تُقَبَّضَ tuqabbaḍa	تُقَبَّضَا tuqabbaḍā	تُقَبَّضَا tuqabbaḍā	نُقَبَّضَ nuqabbaḍa	تُقَبَّضْنَ tuqabbaḍna	يُقَبَّضْنَ yuqabbaḍna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقَبَّضْ ʔuqabbaḍ	تُقَبَّضْ tuqabbaḍ	يُقَبَّضْ yuqabbaḍ	تُقَبَّضَا tuqabbaḍā	يُقَبَّضَا yuqabbaḍā	نُقَبَّضْ nuqabbaḍ	تُقَبَّضُوا tuqabbaḍū	يُقَبَّضُوا yuqabbaḍū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُقَبَّضْ ʔuqabbaḍ	تُقَبَّضِي tuqabbaḍī	تُقَبَّضْ tuqabbaḍ	تُقَبَّضَا tuqabbaḍā	تُقَبَّضَا tuqabbaḍā	نُقَبَّضْ nuqabbaḍ	تُقَبَّضْنَ tuqabbaḍna	يُقَبَّضْنَ yuqabbaḍna

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /qabdˤ/

Noun

قَبْض • (qabḍ) m

verbal noun of قَبَضَ (qabaḍa) (form I)
taking possession, possession
confiscation
constipation
receipt of a sum
(poetry) suppression of the fifth letter of a foot when it is quiescent

Declension

Declension of noun قَبْض (qabḍ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَبْض qabḍ	الْقَبْض al-qabḍ	قَبْض qabḍ
Nominative	قَبْضٌ qabḍun	الْقَبْضُ al-qabḍu	قَبْضُ qabḍu
Accusative	قَبْضًا qabḍan	الْقَبْضَ al-qabḍa	قَبْضَ qabḍa
Genitive	قَبْضٍ qabḍin	الْقَبْضِ al-qabḍi	قَبْضِ qabḍi

Descendants

→ Amharic: ቀብድ (ḳäbd)
→ Azerbaijani: qəbz
→ Persian: قبض
- → Bengali: কবজ (koboj)
- → Hindi: क़ब्ज़ (qabz)
- → Urdu: قبض
→ Ottoman Turkish: قبض (kabız)
- → Turkish: kabız
→ Swahili: kabidhi
→ Uzbek: qabz

References

Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “قبض”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
Lane, Edward William (1863) “قبض”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ق ب ض
1 term

Etymology 1

From Arabic قَبَضَ (qabaḍa).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡa.badˤ/

Verb

قَبَض • (gabaḍ) I (non-past يِقْبُض (yigbuḍ))

to arrest
Synonym: مِسِك (misik)
to seize, to take, to grab
to take hold of, to take possession of
to hold

Conjugation

Conjugation of قبض (gabaḍ)
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	قبضت (gabaḍt)	قبضت (gabaḍt)	قبض (gabaḍ)	قبضنا (gabaḍna)	قبضتوا (gabaḍtu)	قبضوا (gabaḍu)
past	f	قبضت (gabaḍt)	قبضتي (gabaḍti)	قبضت (gabaḍat)	قبضنا (gabaḍna)	قبضتوا (gabaḍtu)	قبضوا (gabaḍu)
non-past	m	أقبض (ʔagbuḍ)	تقبض (tigbuḍ)	يقبض (yigbuḍ)	نقبض (nigbuḍ)	تقبضوا (tigbuḍu)	يقبضوا (yigbuḍu)
non-past	f	أقبض (ʔagbuḍ)	تقبضي (tigbuḍi)	تقبض (tigbuḍ)	نقبض (nigbuḍ)	تقبضوا (tigbuḍu)	يقبضوا (yigbuḍu)
imperative	m		اقبض (agbuḍ)			اقبضوا (agbuḍu)
imperative	f		اقبضي (agbuḍi)			اقبضوا (agbuḍu)

Etymology 2

From Arabic قَبَّضَ (qabbaḍa).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡab.badˤ/

Verb

قبض • (gabbaḍ) II (non-past يِقَبِّض (yigabbiḍ))

(rare) to pay (a price)

Conjugation

Conjugation of قبض (gabbaḍ)
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	قبضت (gabbaḍt)	قبضت (gabbaḍt)	قبض (gabbaḍ)	قبضنا (gabbaḍna)	قبضتوا (gabbaḍtu)	قبضوا (gabbaḍu)
past	f	قبضت (gabbaḍt)	قبضتي (gabbaḍti)	قبضت (gabbaḍat)	قبضنا (gabbaḍna)	قبضتوا (gabbaḍtu)	قبضوا (gabbaḍu)
non-past	m	أقبض (ʔagabbiḍ)	تقبض (tigabbiḍ)	يقبض (yigabbiḍ)	نقبض (nigabbiḍ)	تقبضوا (tigabbiḍu)	يقبضوا (yigabbiḍu)
non-past	f	أقبض (ʔagabbiḍ)	تقبضي (tigabbiḍi)	تقبض (tigabbiḍ)	نقبض (nigabbiḍ)	تقبضوا (tigabbiḍu)	يقبضوا (yigabbiḍu)
imperative	m		قبض (gabbiḍ)			قبضوا (gabbiḍu)
imperative	f		قبضي (gabbiḍi)			قبضوا (gabbiḍu)

Etymology 3

From Arabic قَبْض (qabḍ).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡabdˤ/

Noun

قبض • (gabḍ) m

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَبْض (qabḍ).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [qaβz]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qäbz]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [qäbz]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [qäbz]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [qæbz]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [qäbz]

Readings
Classical reading^?	qaḇz
Dari reading^?	qabz
Iranian reading^?	ğabz
Tajik reading^?	qabz

Noun

قبض • (qabz)

bill, receipt
(medicine) constipation
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 52—53:
  از قضا سرکنگبین صفرا فزود
  روغن بادام خشکی می‌‌نمود
  از هلیله قبض شد اطلاق رفت
  آب آتش را مدد شد همچو نفت
  az qazā sirkangabin safrā fuzūd
  rōğan-i bādām xuškī mē-nimūd
  az halīla qabz šud itlāq raft
  āb ātaš rā madad šud hamčō naft
  By Divine destiny, oxymel increased the bile,
  and oil of almonds was producing dryness.
  From [giving] myrobalan constipation resulted, relaxation ceased;
  And water fed the flames, like naphtha.
  (Classical Persian transliteration)
(archaic) seizure, taking possession of

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (qabz), from Arabic قَبْض (qabḍ).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /qəbz/
Rhymes: -əbz

Noun

قَبْض • (qabz) m (Hindi spelling क़ब्ज़)

Declension

Declension of قبض
	singular	plural
direct	قَبْض (qabz)	قَبْض (qabz)
oblique	قَبْض (qabz)	قَبْضوں (qabzō̃)
vocative	قَبْض (qabz)	قَبْضو (qabzō)

References

“قبض”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
“قبض”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.

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