सहनु

Nepali

Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀲𑀳𑀇 (sahaï), from Sanskrit सहति (sahati) (compare सहते (sahate)).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [sʌ̤ːnu]

Phonetic Devanagari: सःनु

Verb

सहनु • (sahanu)

to bear, endure, tolerate, suffer

Conjugation

Conjugation of सह्नु [sʌ̤ːnu]

Information
Stem			सह्- [sʌɦ-]
Conjugation type			1^st conjugation: consonant-ending stem, regular.
Derivatives
I-stem (Passive)			सहिनु [sʌɦinu]
Non-finite forms
Infinitives			सहनु [sʌ̤ːnu] सहन‍ [sʌ̤ːnʌ]
Participles			Affirmative (+)	Negative (–)
	Conjunctive		सहेर [sʌɦeɾʌ] सही [sʌɦi] सहीकन‍ [sʌɦikʌnʌ]	नसहेर‍ [nʌ ͜ sʌɦeɾʌ] नसही [nʌ ͜ sʌɦi] नसहीकन‍ [nʌ ͜ sʌɦikʌnʌ]
	1^st Perfect	m. sing.	सहेको [sʌɦeko]	नसहेको [nʌ ͜ sʌɦeko]
		f. sing.	सहेकी [sʌɦeki]	नसहेकी [nʌ ͜ sʌɦeki]
		pl.	सहेका [sʌɦekä]	नसहेका [nʌ ͜ sʌɦekä]
		high-resp.	सहनुभएको [sʌ̤ːnu ͜ bʱʌeko]	नसहनुभएको [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːnu ͜ bʱʌeko]
	2^nd Perfect	normal	सहे [sʌɦe]	नसहे [nʌ ͜ sʌɦe]
	2^nd Perfect	high-resp.	सहनुभए [sʌ̤ːnu ͜ bʱʌe]	नसहनुभए [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːnu ͜ bʱʌe]
	Imperfect	normal	सहदा [sʌ̤ːd̪ä] सहदै [sʌ̤ːd̪ʌi̯] सहदो [sʌ̤ːd̪o]	नसहदा [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːd̪ä] नसहदै [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːd̪ʌi̯] नसहदो [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːd̪o]
	Imperfect	high-resp.	सहनुहुँदा [sʌ̤ːnuɦũd̪ä] सहनुहुँदै [sʌ̤ːnuɦũd̪ʌi̯] सहनुहुँदो [sʌ̤ːnuɦũd̪o]	नसहनुहुँदा [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːnuɦũd̪ä] नसहनुहुँदै [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːnuɦũd̪ʌi̯] नसहनुहुँदो [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːnuɦũd̪o]
	Infinitival	normal	सहने [sʌ̤ːne]	नसहने [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːne]
	Infinitival	high-resp.	सहनुहुने [sʌ̤ːnuɦune]	नसहनुहुने [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːnuɦune]
	Absolutive		सहि [sʌɦi]

Finite forms of सहनु [sʌ̤ːnu]
Person			1^st				2^nd				3^rd				2^nd & 3^rd
Pronoun			म SING.		हामी PL.		तँ LOW-RESP. SING.		तिमी MID-RESP.		ऊ LOW-RESP. SING.		उनी MID-RESP.		तपाईं / ऊहाँ HIGH-RESP.
Pronoun			m	f	m	f	m	f	m	f	m	f	m	f	तपाईं / ऊहाँ HIGH-RESP.
Present		+	सहछु [sʌ̤ːt͡sʰu]		सहछौं [sʌ̤ːt͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯]		सहछस् [sʌ̤ːt͡sʰʌs]	सहछेस् [sʌ̤ːt͡sʰes]	सहछौ [sʌ̤ːt͡sʰʌu̯]	सहछ्यौ [sʌ̤ːt͡sʰeu̯]	सहछ [sʌ̤ːt͡sʰʌ]	सहछे [sʌ̤ːt͡sʰe]	सहछन् [sʌ̤ːt͡sʰʌn]	सहछिन् [sʌ̤ːt͡sʰin]	सहनुहुन्छ [sʌ̤ːnuɦunt͡sʰʌ]
Present		–	सहदिनँ [sʌ̤ːd̪inʌ̃]		सहदैनौं [sʌ̤ːd̪ʌi̯nʌ̃ũ̯]		सहदैनस् [sʌ̤ːd̪ʌi̯nʌs]	सहदिनेस् [sʌ̤ːd̪ines]	सहदैनौ [sʌ̤ːd̪ʌi̯nʌu̯]	सहदिनौ [sʌ̤ːd̪inʌu̯]	सहदैन [sʌ̤ːd̪ʌi̯nʌ]	सहदिने [sʌ̤ːd̪ine]	सहदैनन् [sʌ̤ːd̪ʌi̯nʌn]	सहदिनन् [sʌ̤ːd̪inʌn]	सहनुहुँदैन [sʌ̤ːnuɦũd̪ʌi̯nʌ]
Past	Simple	+	सहें [sʌɦẽ]		सहयौं [sʌ̤ːẽũ̯]		सहिस् [sʌɦis]		सहयौ [sʌ̤ːeu̯]		सहयो [sʌ̤ːjo]	सही [sʌɦi]	सहे [sʌɦe]	सहिन् [sʌɦin]	सहनुभयो [sʌ̤ːnu ͜ bʱʌjo]
	Simple	–	सहिनँ [sʌɦinʌ̃]		सहेनौं [sʌɦenʌ̃ũ̯]		सहेनस् [sʌɦenʌs]	सहिनेस् [sʌɦines]	सहेनौ [sʌɦenʌu̯]		सहेन [sʌɦenʌ]	सहिने [sʌɦine]	सहेनन् [sʌɦenʌn]	सहिनन् [sʌɦinʌn]	सहनुभएन [sʌ̤ːnu ͜ bʱʌenʌ]
	Habitual	+	सहथें [sʌ̤ːt̪ʰẽ]		सहथ्यौं [sʌ̤ːt̪ʰẽũ̯]		सहथिस् [sʌ̤ːt̪ʰis]		सहथ्यौ [sʌ̤ːt̪ʰeu̯]		सहथ्यो [sʌ̤ːt̪ʰjo]	सहथी [sʌ̤ːt̪ʰi]	सहथे [sʌ̤ːt̪ʰe]	सहथिन् [sʌ̤ːt̪ʰin]	सहनुहुन्थ्यो [sʌ̤ːnuɦun̪t̪ʰjo]
	Habitual	–	सहदिनथें [sʌ̤ːd̪inʌt̪ʰẽ]		सहदैनथ्यौं [sʌ̤ːd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰẽũ̯]		सहदैनथिस् [sʌ̤ːd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰis]	सहदिनथिस् [sʌ̤ːd̪inʌt̪ʰis]	सहदैनथ्यौ [sʌ̤ːd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰeu̯]	सहदिनथ्यौ [sʌ̤ːd̪inʌt̪ʰeu̯]	सहदैनथ्यो [sʌ̤ːd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰjo]	सहदैनथी [sʌ̤ːd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰi]	सहदैनथे [sʌ̤ːd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰe]	सहदिनथिन् [sʌ̤ːd̪inʌt̪ʰin]	सहनुहुँदैनथ्यो [sʌ̤ːnuɦũd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰjo]
	Unknown	+	सहेछु [sʌɦet͡sʰu]	सहिछु [sʌɦit͡sʰu]	सहेछौं [sʌɦet͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯]		सहेछस् [sʌɦet͡sʰʌs]	सहिछेस् [sʌɦit͡sʰes]	सहेछौ [sʌɦet͡sʰʌu̯]		सहेछ [sʌɦet͡sʰʌ]	सहिछे [sʌɦit͡sʰe]	सहेछन् [sʌɦet͡sʰʌn]	सहिछिन् [sʌɦit͡sʰin]	सहनुभएछ [sʌ̤ːnu ͜ bʱʌet͡sʰʌ]
	Unknown	–	सहेनछु [sʌɦenʌt͡sʰu]	सहिनछु [sʌɦinʌt͡sʰu]	सहेनछौं [sʌɦenʌt͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯]		सहेनछस् [sʌɦenʌt͡sʰʌs]	सहिनछेस् [sʌɦinʌt͡sʰes]	सहेनछौ [sʌɦenʌt͡sʰʌu̯]		सहेनछ [sʌɦenʌt͡sʰʌ]	सहिनछे [sʌɦinʌt͡sʰe]	सहेनछन् [sʌɦenʌt͡sʰʌn]	सहिनछिन् [sʌɦinʌt͡sʰin]	सहनुभएनछ [sʌ̤ːnu ͜ bʱʌenʌt͡sʰʌ]
Future	Definite	+	सहनेछु [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰu]		सहनेछौं [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯]		सहनेछस् [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰʌs]	सहनेछेस् [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰes]	सहनेछौ [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰʌu̯]	सहनेछ्यौ [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰeu̯]	सहनेछ [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰʌ]	सहनेछे [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰe]	सहनेछन् [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰʌn]	सहनेछिन् [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰin]	सहनुहुनेछ [sʌ̤ːnuɦunet͡sʰʌ]
	Definite	–	सहनेछैनँ [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ̃]		सहनेछैनौं [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ̃ũ̯]		सहनेछैनस् [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌs]	सहनेछैनेस् [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰʌi̯nes]	सहनेछैनौ [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌu̯]		सहनेछैन [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ]		सहनेछैनन् [sʌ̤ːnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌn]		सहनुहुनेछैन [sʌ̤ːnuɦunet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ]
	Indefinite	+	सहुँला [sʌɦũlä]	सहुँली [sʌɦũli]	सहौंला [sʌ̤ːũ̯lä]		सहलास् [sʌ̤ːläs]	सहलिस् [sʌ̤ːlis]	सहौला, सहलाउ [sʌ̤ːu̯lä, sʌ̤ːläu̯]	सहौली, सहलेउ [sʌ̤ːu̯li, sʌ̤ːleu̯]	सहला [sʌ̤ːlä]	सहली [sʌ̤ːli]	सहलान्, सहनन् [sʌ̤ːlän, sʌ̤ːnʌn]	सहलिन्, सहनिन् [sʌ̤ːlin, sʌ̤ːnin]	सहनुहोला [sʌ̤ːnuɦolä]
		–	सहोइनँ [sʌɦoi̯nʌ̃]		सहोइनौं [sʌɦoi̯nʌ̃ũ̯]		सहोइनस् [sʌɦoi̯nʌs]		सहोइनौ [sʌɦoi̯nʌu̯]		सहोइन [sʌɦoi̯nʌ]		सहोइनन् [sʌɦoi̯nʌn]		सहनुहोओइन [sʌ̤ːnuɦooi̯nʌ]
		–	नसहुँला [nʌ ͜ sʌɦũlä]	नसहुँली [nʌ ͜ sʌɦũli]	नसहौंला [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːũ̯lä]		नसहलास् [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːläs]	नसहलिस् [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːlis]	नसहौला, नसहलाउ [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːu̯lä, nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːläu̯]	नसहौली, नसहलेउ [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːu̯li, nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːleu̯]	नसहला [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːlä]	नसहली [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːli]	नसहलान्, नसहनन् [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːlän, nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːnʌn]	नसहलिन्, नसहनिन् [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːlin, nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːnin]	नसहनुहोला [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːnuɦolä]
Injunctive		+	सहूँ [sʌɦũ]		सहौं, सहूँ [sʌ̤ːũ̯, sʌɦũ]		सही, सहेस् [sʌɦi, sʌɦes]		सह, सहे [sʌ̤ː, sʌɦe]		सहोस् [sʌɦos]		सहून् [sʌɦun]		सहनुहोओस् [sʌ̤ːnuɦoos]
Injunctive		–	नसहूँ [nʌ ͜ sʌɦũ]		नसहौं, नसहूँ [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːũ̯, nʌ ͜ sʌɦũ]		नसही, नसहेस् [nʌ ͜ sʌɦi, nʌ ͜ sʌɦes]		नसह, नसहे [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ː, nʌ ͜ sʌɦe]		नसहोस् [nʌ ͜ sʌɦos]		नसहून् [nʌ ͜ sʌɦun]		नसहनुहोओस् [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ːnuɦoos]
Imperative		+	—		—		सही [sʌɦi]		सह, सहे [sʌ̤ː, sʌɦe]		—		—		सहनुहोस्, सहनोस् [sʌ̤ːnuɦos, sʌ̤ːnos]
Imperative		–	—		—		नसही [nʌ ͜ sʌɦi]		नसह, नसहे [nʌ ͜ sʌ̤ː, nʌ ͜ sʌɦe]		—		—		नसहनुहोस्, नसहनोस् [nʌsʌ̤ːnuɦos, nʌsʌ̤ːnos]

References

“सहनु”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎, Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “सहनु”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar, page 621
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1931) “सहनु”, in A comparative and etymological dictionary of the Nepali language, London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner, page 594
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sahanu”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 768

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