स्पृ

• स्पर् (spar)

From Proto-Indo-European *sper- (“to release, rescue, deliver, secure”). Cognate with English spare (“to show mercy”).

Some derive the "win" meanings from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel- (“to make money”), connecting them with पण् (paṇ, “to barter”), Ancient Greek πωλέω (pōléō, “I sell”), Old Irish renim (“I sell”), and Lithuanian pel̃nas (“profit, benefit”), and separate these from the "release, deliver" meanings; however, this is uncertain.

Turner alternatively suggests the root to be an s-extension of पृ (pṛ, “to bring”), with original meaning "to convey".

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /spr̩/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /s̪pr̩/

स्पृ • (spṛ)

1. to release, extricate or deliver from
2. to save, gain, win
3. (causative स्पारयति) to attract to one's self, win
4. to preserve, save, rescue
5. to gladden, delight, gratify, bestow

• Monier Williams (1899) “स्पृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1268/3.
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 196
• Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “स्पृ”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “स्पृ”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 69; 773-774; 775
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 538-539
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “phirati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

• Cheung, Johnny (2007) chapter 351, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 579
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 0992, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0992