ᚱᚢᚾᛡᛉ

Proto-Norse

Alternative forms

ᚱᚢᚾᛟᛉ (runoʀ /⁠rūnōʀ⁠/) — older

Etymology

From earlier ᚱᚢᚾᛟᛉ (runoʀ).

Noun

ᚱᚢᚾᛡᛉ (runᴀʀ /rūnaʀ/) (Transitional Period)

accusative plural of ᚱᚢᚾᛟ (runo)
- 600s, inscription on the Istaby Runestone
  ᛡᚠᚨᛏᛉᚺᛡᚱᛁᚹᚢᛚᚨᚠᚨ ¶ ᚺᛡᚦᚢᚹᚢᛚᚨᚠᛉᚺᛡᛖᚱᚢᚹᚢᛚᚨᚠᛁᛉ ¶ ᚹᚨᚱᛡᛁᛏᚱᚢᚾᛡᛉᚦᛡᛁᛡᛉ
  AfatzhAriwulafa ¶ hAþuwulafzhAeruwulafiz ¶ warAitrunAzþAiAz
  afᵃtr Hariwulᵃfa, Haþuwulᵃfʀ Hjeruwulᵃfīʀ, wᵃrait rūnaʀ þaiaʀ
  In memory of Hariwulfʀ, Haþuwulfʀ, the descendant of Heruwulfʀ, wrote these runes.

Descendants

Old Norse: rúnar
- Icelandic: rún f
- Faroese: rún f
- Norwegian Nynorsk: run f, runer f pl (← rúnir); (dialectal) rón f, rjón n
- Old Swedish: rūn, rūna
  - Swedish: runa c or f
- Old Danish: rune
  - Danish: rune c (partially through artificial revival), runer pl
    - Norwegian Bokmål: rune m or f
      - → Norwegian Nynorsk: rune f, runa f
    - → German: Rune f
      - → Dutch: rune
    - → English: rune
      - → Mandarin: 盧恩／卢恩 (lú'ēn)

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