ṯrm

Egyptian

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈcaːɾam/ → /ˈt͡ʃaːɾam/ → /ˈt͡ʃaːɾəm/ → /ˈt͡ʃoːɾəm/

Verb

 3-lit.

  1. (intransitive) to wink, to blink [Coffin Texts]

Inflection
Conjugation of ṯrm (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ṯrm, geminated stem: ṯrmm
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
ṯrm
 ṯrmw, ṯrm
 ṯrmt
 ṯrm
 ṯrm
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
ṯrm
 ḥr ṯrm
 m ṯrm
 r ṯrm
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active contingent
aspect / mood active
perfect ṯrm.n
 consecutive ṯrm.jn
terminative ṯrmt
perfective3 ṯrm
 obligative1 ṯrm.ḫr
imperfective ṯrm
prospective3 ṯrm
 potentialis1 ṯrm.kꜣ
subjunctive ṯrm
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active active passive
perfect ṯrm.n
 — —
perfective ṯrm
 ṯrm
 ṯrm, ṯrmw5, ṯrmy5
imperfective ṯrm, ṯrmy, ṯrmw5
 ṯrm, ṯrmj6, ṯrmy6
 ṯrm, ṯrmw5
prospective ṯrm, ṯrmtj7
 ṯrmtj4, ṯrmt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Descendants
  • Akhmimic Coptic: ϫⲱⲣⲙⲉ (čōrme)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ϭⲱⲣⲉⲙ (cōrem)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ϫⲱⲣⲙ (čōrm)

References
  • Dickson, Paul (2006) Dictionary of Middle Egyptian in Gardiner Classification Order‎
  • Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 387
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