がくがく

Japanese

Etymology 1
Alternative spelling
ガクガク

Pronunciation

(when used as a verb or adverb):

  • (Tokyo) がくがく [gàkúgákú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ɡa̠kɯ̟ᵝɡa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

(when used as an adjective):

  • (Tokyo) が​くがく [gáꜜkùgàkù] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ɡa̠kɯ̟ᵝɡa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

がくがくする • (gakugaku suru) suru (stem がくがくし (gakugaku suru shi), past がくがくした (gakugaku suru shita))

  1. (onomatopoeia) trembling (with fear, cold, etc.), shaking, chattering (of teeth)
    膝(ひざ)ががくがくする
    hiza ga gakugaku suru
    leg is trembling
  2. (onomatopoeia) coming loose
    いすの脚(あし)ががくがくする
    isu no ashiga gakugaku suru
    the leg of the chair is wobbling
Conjugation
Conjugation of "がくがくする" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") がくがくし gakugaku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") がくがくし gakugaku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") がくがくする gakugaku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") がくがくする gakugaku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") がくがくすれ gakugaku sure
Meireikei ("imperative") がくがくせよ¹
がくがくしろ²		 gakugaku seyo¹
gakugaku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive がくがくされる gakugaku sareru
Causative がくがくさせる
がくがくさす		 gakugaku saseru
gakugaku sasu
Potential がくがくできる gakugaku dekiru
Volitional がくがくしよう gakugaku shiyō
Negative がくがくしない gakugaku shinai
Negative continuative がくがくせず gakugaku sezu
Formal がくがくします gakugaku shimasu
Perfective がくがくした gakugaku shita
Conjunctive がくがくして gakugaku shite
Hypothetical conditional がくがくすれば gakugaku sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Adverb

がくがく • (gakugaku) 

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Adjective

がくがく • (gakugaku) -na (adnominal がくがくな (gakugaku na na), adverbial がくがくに (gakugaku ni ni))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
Inflection
Inflection of がくがく
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) がくがくだろ gakugaku daro
Continuative (連用形) がくがくで gakugaku de
Terminal (終止形) がくがくだ gakugaku da
Attributive (連体形) がくがくな gakugaku na
Hypothetical (仮定形) がくがくなら gakugaku nara
Imperative (命令形) がくがくであれ gakugaku de are
Key constructions
Informal negative がくがくではない
がくがくじゃない		 gakugaku de wa nai
gakugaku ja nai
Informal past がくがくだった gakugaku datta
Informal negative past がくがくではなかった
がくがくじゃなかった		 gakugaku de wa nakatta
gakugaku ja nakatta
Formal がくがくです gakugaku desu
Formal negative がくがくではありません
がくがくじゃありません		 gakugaku de wa arimasen
gakugaku ja arimasen
Formal past がくがくでした gakugaku deshita
Formal negative past がくがくではありませんでした
がくがくじゃありませんでした		 gakugaku de wa arimasen deshita
gakugaku ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive がくがくで gakugaku de
Conditional がくがくなら（ば） gakugaku nara (ba)
Provisional がくがくだったら gakugaku dattara
Volitional がくがくだろう gakugaku darō
Adverbial がくがくに gakugaku ni
Degree がくがくさ gakugakusa
Derived terms

Etymology 2
Alternative spellings
諤諤
諤々
愕愕
愕々

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) がくがく [gàkúgákú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ɡa̠kɯ̟ᵝɡa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

Adjective

がくがく • (gakugaku) 

  1. outspoken
  2. speaking in a boisterous way
Inflection
Inflection of がくがく
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) がくがくだろ gakugaku daro
Continuative (連用形) がくがくで gakugaku de
Terminal (終止形) がくがくだ gakugaku da
Attributive (連体形) がくがくな gakugaku na
Hypothetical (仮定形) がくがくなら gakugaku nara
Imperative (命令形) がくがくであれ gakugaku de are
Key constructions
Informal negative がくがくではない
がくがくじゃない		 gakugaku de wa nai
gakugaku ja nai
Informal past がくがくだった gakugaku datta
Informal negative past がくがくではなかった
がくがくじゃなかった		 gakugaku de wa nakatta
gakugaku ja nakatta
Formal がくがくです gakugaku desu
Formal negative がくがくではありません
がくがくじゃありません		 gakugaku de wa arimasen
gakugaku ja arimasen
Formal past がくがくでした gakugaku deshita
Formal negative past がくがくではありませんでした
がくがくじゃありませんでした		 gakugaku de wa arimasen deshita
gakugaku ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive がくがくで gakugaku de
Conditional がくがくなら（ば） gakugaku nara (ba)
Provisional がくがくだったら gakugaku dattara
Volitional がくがくだろう gakugaku darō
Adverbial がくがくに gakugaku ni
Degree がくがくさ gakugakusa

Noun

がくがく • (gakugaku) 

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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