待ち伏せ

Japanese
Kanji in this term
待 伏
ま
Grade: 3		 ふ > ぶ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Etymology

Compound of 待ち (machi, “the 連用形(れんようけい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 待(ま)つ (matsu, “to wait”)”) +‎ 伏せ (fuse, “the 連用形(れんようけい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 伏(ふ)せる (fuseru, “to bend down”)”). The fuse changes to buse as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) まちぶせ [màchíbúsé] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ma̠t͡ɕibɯ̟ᵝse̞]

Noun

待(ま)ち伏(ぶ)せ • (machibuse) 

  1. ambush (a disposition or arrangement of troops for attacking an enemy unexpectedly from a concealed station)

Verb

待(ま)ち伏(ぶ)せする • (machibuse suru) suru (stem 待(ま)ち伏(ぶ)せし (machibuse shi), past 待(ま)ち伏(ぶ)せした (machibuse shita))

  1. lie in wait
  2. perform an ambush

Conjugation
Conjugation of "待ち伏せする" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 待ち伏せし まちぶせし machibuse shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 待ち伏せし まちぶせし machibuse shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 待ち伏せする まちぶせする machibuse suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 待ち伏せする まちぶせする machibuse suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 待ち伏せすれ まちぶせすれ machibuse sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 待ち伏せせよ¹
待ち伏せしろ²		 まちぶせせよ¹
まちぶせしろ²		 machibuse seyo¹
machibuse shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 待ち伏せされる まちぶせされる machibuse sareru
Causative 待ち伏せさせる
待ち伏せさす		 まちぶせさせる
まちぶせさす		 machibuse saseru
machibuse sasu
Potential 待ち伏せできる まちぶせできる machibuse dekiru
Volitional 待ち伏せしよう まちぶせしよう machibuse shiyō
Negative 待ち伏せしない まちぶせしない machibuse shinai
Negative continuative 待ち伏せせず まちぶせせず machibuse sezu
Formal 待ち伏せします まちぶせします machibuse shimasu
Perfective 待ち伏せした まちぶせした machibuse shita
Conjunctive 待ち伏せして まちぶせして machibuse shite
Hypothetical conditional 待ち伏せすれば まちぶせすれば machibuse sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

See also

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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