欣喜

Chinese

		happy	to be fond of; to like; to enjoy to be fond of; to like; to enjoy; to be happy; to feel pleased; happiness; delight; glad
simp. and trad. (欣喜)		欣	喜
alternative forms		忻喜

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xīnxǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣㄒㄧˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jan¹ hei²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): herm-hí / him-hí

(Teochew, Peng'im): hng¹ hi²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xīnxǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣㄒㄧˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sinsǐ
  - Wade–Giles: hsin¹-hsi³
  - Yale: syīn-syǐ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shinshii
  - Palladius: синьси (sinʹsi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    忻喜
    新禧
    欣喜
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jan¹ hei²
  - Yale: yān héi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jan¹ hei²
  - Guangdong Romanization: yen¹ héi²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn⁵⁵ hei̯³⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: herm-hí
  - Tâi-lô: herm-hí
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /həm³³ hi⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: him-hí
  - Tâi-lô: him-hí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: himhie
  - IPA (Taipei): /him⁴⁴⁻³³ hi⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /him⁴⁴⁻³³ hi⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /him⁴⁴⁻²² hi⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hng¹ hi²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hng hí
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hŋ³³⁻²³ hi⁵²/

Middle Chinese: xj+n xiX

Rime
Character	欣	喜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	欣 (57)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	許斤切	虚里切
Baxter	xj+n	xiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨn/	/hɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/hɨn/	/hɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/xiən/	/xie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hɨn/	/hɨ^X/
Li Rong	/xiən/	/xiə^X/
Wang Li	/xĭən/	/xĭə^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯ən/	/xi^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xīn	xǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jan¹	hei²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰər qʰ(r)əʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*qʰɯn qʰlɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	欣	喜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xīn	xǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ xjɨn ›	‹ xi^X ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰər/	/*qʰ(r)əʔ/
English	rejoice	joy; rejoice
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	欣	喜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	6665	13416
Phonetic component	斤	喜
Rime group	文	之
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	欣	喜
Old Chinese	/*qʰɯn/	/*qʰlɯʔ/

Adjective

欣喜

glad; joyful; happy
- 諸夏之人，莫不欣喜。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  诸夏之人，莫不欣喜。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE
  Zhūxià zhī rén, mò bù xīnxǐ. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 同伴們都欣喜地說：「明天早晨準可以看見日出了。」 [MSC, trad.]
  同伴们都欣喜地说：「明天早晨准可以看见日出了。」 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 楊朔 (Yang Shuo), 泰山极顶 (The Peak of Mount Tai)
  Tóngbànmen dōu xīnxǐ de shuō: “Míngtiān zǎochen zhǔn kěyǐ kànjiàn rìchū le.” [Pinyin]
  [My] companions joyfully said, "Tomorrow morning [the mist will lift and] we will be able to see the sunrise!"

Synonyms

和樂／和乐 (hélè) (happy and harmonious)
喜悅／喜悦 (xǐyuè) (formal)
喜歡／喜欢
喜滋滋 (xǐzīzī)
喜躍／喜跃 (xǐyuè) (formal)
夷悅／夷悦 (yíyuè) (literary)
夷愉 (yíyú) (literary, happy and harmonious)
安樂／安乐 (ānlè) (peaceful and happy)
康樂／康乐 (kānglè) (literary, peaceful and happy)
忻悅／忻悦 (xīnyuè) (literary)
快意 (kuàiyì)
快樂／快乐 (kuàilè)
快活 (kuàihuo)
怡悅／怡悦 (yíyuè) (literary)
悅意／悦意 (yuèyì)
悅懌／悦怿 (yuèyì) (literary)
愉快 (yúkuài)
愉悅／愉悦 (yúyuè)
暢快／畅快 (chàngkuài)
樂滋滋／乐滋滋 (lèzīzī)
欣忭 (xīnbiàn) (literary)
欣悅／欣悦 (xīnyuè)
歡喜／欢喜 (huānxǐ)
歡娛／欢娱 (huānyú) (literary)
歡快／欢快 (huānkuài)
歡悅／欢悦 (huānyuè) (literary)
歡愉／欢愉 (huānyú) (literary)
歡暢／欢畅 (huānchàng)
歡樂／欢乐 (huānlè)
歡躍／欢跃 (huānyuè) (formal)
爽 (shuǎng)
爽神 (shuǎngshén) (literary or Min Nan)
痛快 (tòngkuài)
舒暢／舒畅 (shūchàng)
開心／开心 (kāixīn)
高興／高兴 (gāoxìng)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
欣	喜
きん Jinmeiyō	き Grade: 5
on’yomi

Etymology

Middle Chinese 欣喜 (hɨn hɨ^X)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きんき [kíꜜǹkì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [kʲĩŋʲkʲi]

Noun

欣(きん)喜(き) • (kinki)

joy, delight

Derived terms

欣喜雀躍(きんきじゃくやく) (kinki jakuyaku, “jump for joy”)

Verb

欣(きん)喜(き)する • (kinki suru) suru (stem 欣(きん)喜(き)し (kinki shi), past 欣(きん)喜(き)した (kinki shita))

rejoice, delight

Conjugation

Conjugation of "欣喜する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	欣喜し	きんきし	kinki shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	欣喜し	きんきし	kinki shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	欣喜する	きんきする	kinki suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	欣喜する	きんきする	kinki suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	欣喜すれ	きんきすれ	kinki sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	欣喜せよ¹ 欣喜しろ²	きんきせよ¹ きんきしろ²	kinki seyo¹ kinki shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	欣喜される	きんきされる	kinki sareru
Causative	欣喜させる欣喜さす	きんきさせるきんきさす	kinki saseru kinki sasu
Potential	欣喜できる	きんきできる	kinki dekiru
Volitional	欣喜しよう	きんきしよう	kinki shiyō
Negative	欣喜しない	きんきしない	kinki shinai
Negative continuative	欣喜せず	きんきせず	kinki sezu
Formal	欣喜します	きんきします	kinki shimasu
Perfective	欣喜した	きんきした	kinki shita
Conjunctive	欣喜して	きんきして	kinki shite
Hypothetical conditional	欣喜すれば	きんきすれば	kinki sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

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