漫画

Chinese
For pronunciation and definitions of 漫画 – see 漫畫 (“comics; caricature; cartoon; manga; manhwa; manhua”).
(This term is the simplified form of 漫畫).
Notes:

Japanese
Kanji in this term
漫 画
まん
Grade: S		 が
Grade: 2
goon
Alternative spelling
漫畫 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

/manɡwa/ → /manɡa/

Coined in Japan of Middle Chinese-derived elements, as a compound of 漫 (man, “as one pleases”) +‎ 画 (ga, “picture”).[1] First appears in 1798 in the foreword to Santō Kyōden's picture book 四時交加 (Shīshi Kōga) already using the modern simplified kanji spelling of 漫画.[2]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) まんが [màńgá] (Heiban – [0])[3][4]
  • IPA(key): [mã̠ŋɡa̠]
  • Audio(file)

Noun

漫(まん)画(が) or 漫画(マンガ) • (manga) ←まんぐわ (mangwa)?

  1. (drawing, painting) a drawing or painting made as one pleases without restraint, such as those by Hokusai Manga
  2. (art) a caricature (pictorial representation of someone or something for comic effect)
  3. a comic (cartoon story)

Usage notes
  • All comics in general are called 漫画 (manga) in Japanese. In other countries, the romanization manga is typically used for comics produced primarily for the Japanese market.

Derived terms

Descendants
  • → Cantonese: 漫畫／漫画 (maan6 waa6-2, “comics”)
  • → Danish: manga (“Japanese comics”)
  • → English: manga (“Japanese comics”)
  • → French: manga (“Japanese comics”)
  • → Hakka: 漫畫／漫画 (man-fa, “comics”)
  • → Hakka: 漫畫／漫画 (mang-ká, “comics”)
  • → Indonesian: manga (“Japanese comics”)
  • → Korean: 만화 (manhwa, “comics”)
    • → English: manhwa (“Korean comics”)
    • → French: manhwa (“Korean comics”)
    • → Russian: ма́нхва́ (mánxvá, “Korean comics”)
  • → Macedonian: манга (manga, “Japanese comics”)
  • → Mandarin: 漫畫／漫画 (mànhuà, “comics”)
  • → Min Nan: 漫畫／漫画 (bān-ōa, bān-ūi, bān-ōe, “comics”)
  • → Min Nan: 漫畫／漫画 (bàng-gà, “comics, cartoon”)
  • → Portuguese: mangá (“Japanese comics”), manga
  • → Russian: ма́нга (mánga, “Japanese comics”)
  • → Ukrainian: ма́нґа (mánga, “Japanese comics”)
  • → Wu: 漫畫／漫画 (6me-gho, “comics”)

References
  1. Yoshiko Fukushima (2013) Manga Discourse in Japan Theatre, →ISBN, page 19
  2. 山東京伝 (Santō Kyōden) (1798) 四時交加 (Shīshi Kōga) [Four-o'clock Traffic], 鶴屋喜右衛門 (Tsuruya Kiemon) Relevant text shown towards the bottom of the second column from the right in the online copy (in Japanese) in the collection of the 国立国会図書館 (Kokuritsu Kokkai Toshokan, “National Diet Library”) (accessed 2018-11-07).
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
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