紅塵

Chinese

		red; revolutionary; prosperity red; revolutionary; prosperity; bonus; popular	dust; dirt; earth
trad. (紅塵)		紅	塵
simp. (红尘)		红	尘

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hóngchén

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄔㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hung⁴ can⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hông-tîn / âng-tîn

(Teochew, Peng'im): ang⁵ ding⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hóngchén
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄔㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hóngchén
  - Wade–Giles: hung²-chʻên²
  - Yale: húng-chén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: horngchern
  - Palladius: хунчэнь (xunčɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hung⁴ can⁴
  - Yale: hùhng chàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hung⁴ tsan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: hung⁴ cen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ²¹ t͡sʰɐn²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hông-tîn
  - Tâi-lô: hông-tîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hongdiin
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²³⁻³³ tin²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tin²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tin²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ¹³⁻²² tin¹³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: âng-tîn
  - Tâi-lô: âng-tîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: angdiin
  - IPA (Taipei): /aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tin²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /aŋ²³⁻³³ tin²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ang⁵ ding⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: âng tîng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /aŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tiŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: huwng drin

Rime
Character	紅	塵
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	戸公切	直珍切
Baxter	huwng	drin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuŋ/	/ɖˠiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuŋ/	/ɖᵚin/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuŋ/	/ȡien/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦəwŋ/	/ɖjin/
Li Rong	/ɣuŋ/	/ȡjĕn/
Wang Li	/ɣuŋ/	/ȡǐĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuŋ/	/ȡʱi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hóng	chén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung⁴	can⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ɡˤoŋ [d]rə[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡoːŋ rdɯn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	紅	塵
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hóng	chén
Middle Chinese	‹ huwng ›	‹ drin ›
Old Chinese	/*ɡˁoŋ/	/*[d]rə[n]/
English	pink	dust (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	紅	塵
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	4055	1397
Phonetic component	工	塵
Rime group	東	文
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	洪	陳
Old Chinese	/*ɡoːŋ/	/*rdɯn/

Noun

紅塵

(literary) dust (kicked up by vehicles and horses)
- 一騎紅塵妃子笑，無人知是荔枝來。 [MSC, trad.]
  一骑红尘妃子笑，无人知是荔枝来。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 唐·杜牧《過華清宮》詩之一
  Yī qí hóngchén fēizǐ xiào, wú rén zhī shì lìzhī lái. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
(figuratively) bustling places
(figuratively, Buddhism, Taoism) world of mortals; human society; worldly affairs
- 紅塵夢醒一場空，美麗青春親像昨。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
  红尘梦醒一场空，美丽青春亲像昨。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
  From: 2009, 詹雅雯, 姨仔
  Âng-tîn bāng-chhíⁿ chi̍t tiûⁿ khang, bí-lē chheng-chhun chhin-chhiūⁿ cha̋ng. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  Waking from the dreams of the world of mortals, all just comes to nothing; beauty and youthfulness are like yesterday.

Derived terms

滾滾紅塵／滚滚红尘
看破紅塵／看破红尘
紅塵客夢／红尘客梦
紅塵萬丈／红尘万丈
紫陌紅塵／紫陌红尘

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (紅塵):

→ Japanese: 紅塵(こうじん) (kōjin)
→ Korean: 홍진(紅塵) (hongjin)
→ Vietnamese: hồng trần (紅塵)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
紅	塵
こう Grade: 6	じん Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Noun

紅(こう)塵(じん) • (kōjin)

red dust; urban dust
(figurative) earthly affairs; society; the secular world

Korean

Hanja in this term
紅	塵

Noun

紅塵 • (hongjin) (hangeul 홍진)

Hanja form^? of 홍진 (“dust, bustling places”).

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