肯んずる

Japanese
Kanji in this term
肯
がえ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Etymology

Contraction of 肯(かえ) (kae) + に (ni, negative suffix) + す (su, “to do”). The original meaning was “to not consent”.[1]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) がえんず​る [gàéńzúꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [4])[2]
  • IPA(key): [ɡa̠ẽ̞nd͡zɨᵝɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

肯(がえ)んずる • (gaenzuru) ←がへんずる (gafenzuru)?transitive suru (stem 肯(がえ)んじ (gaenji), past 肯(がえ)んじた (gaenjita))

  1. to consent (to something), to accept, to allow

Conjugation
Conjugation of "肯んずる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 肯んじ
肯んぜ		 がえんじ
がえんぜ		 gaenji
gaenze
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 肯んじ がえんじ gaenji
Shūshikei ("terminal") 肯んずる がえんずる gaenzuru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 肯んずる がえんずる gaenzuru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 肯んずれ がえんずれ gaenzure
Meireikei ("imperative") 肯んぜよ¹
肯んじろ²		 がえんぜよ¹
がえんじろ²		 gaenzeyo¹
gaenjiro²
Key constructions
Passive 肯んじられる
肯んぜられる		 がえんじられる
がえんぜられる		 gaenjirareru
gaenzerareru
Causative 肯んじさせる
肯んじさす		 がえんじさせる
がえんじさす		 gaenjisaseru
gaenjisasu
Potential 肯んじられる
肯んぜられる		 がえんじられる
がえんぜられる		 gaenjirareru
gaenzerareru
Volitional 肯んじよう がえんじよう gaenjiyō
Negative 肯んじない がえんじない gaenjinai
Negative continuative 肯んぜず がえんぜず gaenzezu
Formal 肯んじます がえんじます gaenjimasu
Perfective 肯んじた がえんじた gaenjita
Conjunctive 肯んじて がえんじて gaenjite
Hypothetical conditional 肯んずれば がえんずれば gaenzureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References
  1. “肯んずる”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  2. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō
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