通問

See also: 通问

Chinese

		go through; know well; to connect go through; know well; to connect; to communicate; open	to ask
trad. (通問)		通	問
simp. (通问)		通	问

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tōngwèn

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄥㄨㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tung¹ man⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tōngwèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥㄨㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tongwùn
  - Wade–Giles: tʻung¹-wên⁴
  - Yale: tūng-wèn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tongwenn
  - Palladius: тунвэнь (tunvɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ wən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: tung¹ man⁶
  - Yale: tūng mahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tung¹ man⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: tung¹ men⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ mɐn²²/

Middle Chinese: thuwng mjunH

Rime
Character	通	問
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	他紅切	亡運切
Baxter	thuwng	mjunH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰuŋ/	/mɨun^H/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰuŋ/	/miun^H/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰuŋ/	/miuən^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰəwŋ/	/mun^H/
Li Rong	/tʰuŋ/	/miuən^H/
Wang Li	/tʰuŋ/	/mĭuən^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰuŋ/	/mi̯uən^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tōng	wèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tung¹	man⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤoŋ C.mu[n]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰoːŋ mɯns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	通	問
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tōng	wèn
Middle Chinese	‹ thuwng ›	‹ mjun^H ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥ˁoŋ/	/*C.mu[n]-s/
English	penetrate	ask
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	通	問
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	15428	8967
Phonetic component	用	門
Rime group	東	文
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	通	問
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰoːŋ/	/*mɯns/

Verb

通問

(literary) to exchange greetings
(literary) to exchange correspondence

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