long; length; forever long; length; forever; always; constantly; chief; head; elder; to grow; to develop |
bid farewell; diction; resign bid farewell; diction; resign; say goodbye; take leave; decline | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (長辭) | 長 | 辭 | |
| simp. (长辞) | 长 | 辞 | |
| alternative forms | 長詞／长词 | ||
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 長 | 辭 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) | 邪 (17) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 直良切 | 似兹切 |
| Baxter | drjang | zi |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɖɨɐŋ/ | /zɨ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɖiɐŋ/ | /zɨ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ȡiɑŋ/ | /zie/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɖɨaŋ/ | /zɨ/ |
| Li Rong |
/ȡiaŋ/ | /ziə/ |
| Wang Li |
/ȡĭaŋ/ | /zĭə/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ȡʱi̯aŋ/ | /zi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
cháng | sí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
coeng4 | ci4 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 長 | 辭 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
cháng | cí |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ drjang › | ‹ zi › |
| Old Chinese |
/*Cə-[N]-traŋ/ | /*sə.lə/ |
| English | long (adj.) | words |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 長 | 辭 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 1/1 |
| No. | 1276 | 1684 |
| Phonetic component |
長 | 辭 |
| Rime group |
陽 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
長 | 詞 |
| Old Chinese |
/*daŋ/ | /*ljɯ/ |