친근하다
Korean
Etymology
친근(親近) (chin'geun) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕʰinɡɯnɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [친근하다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | chin'geunhada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | chingeunhada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | ch'in'gŭnhada |
| Yale Romanization? | chinkun.hata |
Adjective
친근하다 • (chin'geunhada) (infinitive 친근해 or 친근하여, sequential 친근하니, hanja 親近하다)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 친근하다 (chin'geunhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 친근하다 chin'geunhada |
친근해 chin'geunhae |
친근해요 chin'geunhaeyo |
친근합니다 chin'geunhamnida |
| Past | 친근했다 chin'geunhaetda |
친근했어 chin'geunhaesseo |
친근했어요 chin'geunhaesseoyo |
친근했습니다 chin'geunhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 친근하냐 chin'geunhanya |
친근해 chin'geunhae |
친근해요 chin'geunhaeyo |
친근합니까 chin'geunhamnikka |
| Past | 친근했냐 chin'geunhaennya |
친근했어 chin'geunhaesseo |
친근했어요 chin'geunhaesseoyo |
친근했습니까 chin'geunhaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 친근하겠다 chin'geunhagetda | 친근하겠어 chin'geunhagesseo | 친근하겠어요 chin'geunhagesseoyo | 친근하겠습니다 chin'geunhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 친근해 chin'geunhae | 친근해서, 친근하여서 chin'geunhaeseo, chin'geunhayeoseo | 친근하니 chin'geunhani | 친근하니까 chin'geunhanikka | |
| Contrast | 친근하지만 chin'geunhajiman | 친근한데 chin'geunhande | 친근하더니 chin'geunhadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 친근하고 chin'geunhago | ||||
| Condition | 친근하면 chin'geunhamyeon | 친근해야, 친근하여야 chin'geunhaeya, chin'geunhayeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 친근함 chin'geunham | 친근하기 chin'geunhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 친근했음, 친근하였음 chin'geunhaesseum, chin'geunhayeosseum | 친근했기, 친근하였기 chin'geunhaetgi, chin'geunhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 친근한 chin'geunhan | |||
| Future | 친근할 chin'geunhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 친근하시다 chin'geunhasida |
친근하셔 chin'geunhasyeo |
친근하세요, 친근하셔요 chin'geunhaseyo, chin'geunhasyeoyo |
친근하십니다 chin'geunhasimnida |
| Past | 친근하셨다 chin'geunhasyeotda |
친근하셨어 chin'geunhasyeosseo |
친근하셨어요 chin'geunhasyeosseoyo |
친근하셨습니다 chin'geunhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 친근하시냐 chin'geunhasinya |
친근하셔 chin'geunhasyeo |
친근하세요, 친근하셔요 chin'geunhaseyo, chin'geunhasyeoyo |
친근하십니까 chin'geunhasimnikka |
| Past | 친근하셨냐 chin'geunhasyeonnya |
친근하셨어 chin'geunhasyeosseo |
친근하셨어요 chin'geunhasyeosseoyo |
친근하셨습니까 chin'geunhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 친근하시겠다 chin'geunhasigetda | 친근하시겠어 chin'geunhasigesseo | 친근하시겠어요 chin'geunhasigesseoyo | 친근하시겠습니다 chin'geunhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 친근하셔 chin'geunhasyeo | 친근하셔서 chin'geunhasyeoseo | 친근하시니 chin'geunhasini | 친근하시니까 chin'geunhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 친근하시지만 chin'geunhasijiman | 친근하신데 chin'geunhasinde | 친근하시더니 chin'geunhasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 친근하시고 chin'geunhasigo | ||||
| Condition | 친근하시면 chin'geunhasimyeon | 친근하셔야 chin'geunhasyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 친근하심 chin'geunhasim | 친근하시기 chin'geunhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 친근하셨음 chin'geunhasyeosseum | 친근하셨기 chin'geunhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 친근하신 chin'geunhasin | |||
| Future | 친근하실 chin'geunhasil | ||||
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