희망하다
Korean
Etymology
희망(希望) (huimang) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [çima̠ŋɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [히망하다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | huimanghada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | huimanghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | hŭimanghada |
| Yale Romanization? | huymanghata |
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 희망하다 (huimanghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 희망한다 huimanghanda |
희망해 huimanghae |
희망해요 huimanghaeyo |
희망합니다 huimanghamnida |
| Past | 희망했다 huimanghaetda |
희망했어 huimanghaesseo |
희망했어요 huimanghaesseoyo |
희망했습니다 huimanghaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 희망하느냐 huimanghaneunya |
희망해 huimanghae |
희망해요 huimanghaeyo |
희망합니까 huimanghamnikka |
| Past | 희망했느냐 huimanghaenneunya |
희망했어 huimanghaesseo |
희망했어요 huimanghaesseoyo |
희망했습니까 huimanghaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 희망하자 huimanghaja | 희망해 huimanghae | 희망해요 huimanghaeyo | 희망하십시다 huimanghasipsida | |
| Imperative | 희망해라, 희망하여라 huimanghaera, huimanghayeora | 희망해 huimanghae | 희망해요 huimanghaeyo | 희망합시오 huimanghapsio | |
| Assertive | 희망하겠다 huimanghagetda | 희망하겠어 huimanghagesseo | 희망하겠어요 huimanghagesseoyo | 희망하겠습니다 huimanghagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 희망해 huimanghae | 희망해서, 희망하여서 huimanghaeseo, huimanghayeoseo | 희망하니 huimanghani | 희망하니까 huimanghanikka | |
| Contrast | 희망하지만 huimanghajiman | 희망하는데 huimanghaneunde | 희망하더니 huimanghadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 희망하고 huimanghago | ||||
| Condition | 희망하면 huimanghamyeon | 희망해야, 희망하여야 huimanghaeya, huimanghayeoya | |||
| Motive | 희망하려고 huimangharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 희망함 huimangham | 희망하기 huimanghagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 희망했음, 희망하였음 huimanghaesseum, huimanghayeosseum | 희망했기, 희망하였기 huimanghaetgi, huimanghayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 희망한 huimanghan | |||
| Present | 희망하는 huimanghaneun | ||||
| Future | 희망할 huimanghal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 희망하신다 huimanghasinda |
희망하셔 huimanghasyeo |
희망하세요, 희망하셔요 huimanghaseyo, huimanghasyeoyo |
희망하십니다 huimanghasimnida |
| Past | 희망하셨다 huimanghasyeotda |
희망하셨어 huimanghasyeosseo |
희망하셨어요 huimanghasyeosseoyo |
희망하셨습니다 huimanghasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 희망하시느냐 huimanghasineunya |
희망하셔 huimanghasyeo |
희망하세요, 희망하셔요 huimanghaseyo, huimanghasyeoyo |
희망하십니까 huimanghasimnikka |
| Past | 희망하셨느냐 huimanghasyeonneunya |
희망하셨어 huimanghasyeosseo |
희망하셨어요 huimanghasyeosseoyo |
희망하셨습니까 huimanghasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 희망하시라 huimanghasira | 희망하셔 huimanghasyeo | 희망하세요 huimanghaseyo | 희망하십시오 huimanghasipsio | |
| Assertive | 희망하시겠다 huimanghasigetda | 희망하시겠어 huimanghasigesseo | 희망하시겠어요 huimanghasigesseoyo | 희망하시겠습니다 huimanghasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 희망하셔 huimanghasyeo | 희망하셔서 huimanghasyeoseo | 희망하시니 huimanghasini | 희망하시니까 huimanghasinikka | |
| Contrast | 희망하시지만 huimanghasijiman | 희망하시는데 huimanghasineunde | 희망하시더니 huimanghasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 희망하시고 huimanghasigo | ||||
| Condition | 희망하시면 huimanghasimyeon | 희망하셔야 huimanghasyeoya | |||
| Motive | 희망하시려고 huimanghasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 희망하심 huimanghasim | 희망하시기 huimanghasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 희망하셨음 huimanghasyeosseum | 희망하셨기 huimanghasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 희망하신 huimanghasin | |||
| Present | 희망하시는 huimanghasineun | ||||
| Future | 희망하실 huimanghasil | ||||
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