πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ½

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌱𐌹- (bi-) +β€Ž π…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ½ (wisan, β€œto feast, make merry”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /biˈwisan/

Verb

πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (biwisan) (perfective)

  1. (hapax) to make merry
    • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Luke 15:29b:
      𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒΌπŒΉπƒ 𐌽𐌹 πŒ°πŒΉπ… πŒ°π„πŒ²πŒ°π†π„ πŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπ„πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½, 𐌴𐌹 𐌼𐌹𐌸 π†π‚πŒΉπŒΎπ‰πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΌ 𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌼 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ΄πƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
      jah mis ni aiw atgaft gaitein, ei miΓΎ frijōndam meinaim biwΔ“sjau
      and yet thou never gavest me a kid, that I might make merry with my friends (KJV)

Conjugation
Class 5 strong
Infinitive πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ½
biwisan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°
biwisa		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ°πƒ
biwas		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
biwisada
2nd singular πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒΉπƒ
biwisis		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ°πƒπ„
biwast		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
biwisaza
3rd singular πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒΈ
biwisiΓΎ		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ°πƒ
biwas		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
biwisada
1st dual πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπ‰πƒ
biwisōs		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ΄πƒπŒΏ
biwesu		 β€”
2nd dual πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πƒ
biwisats		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ΄πƒπŒΏπ„πƒ
biwesuts		 β€”
1st plural πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΌ
biwisam		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ΄πƒπŒΏπŒΌ
biwesum		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
biwisanda
2nd plural πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒΈ
biwisiΓΎ		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ΄πƒπŒΏπŒΈ
biwesuΓΎ		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
biwisanda
3rd plural πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
biwisand		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ΄πƒπŒΏπŒ½
biwesun		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
biwisanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΏ
biwisau		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ΄πƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
biwesjau		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
biwisaidau
2nd singular πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
biwisais		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ΄πƒπŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
biweseis		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
biwisaizau
3rd singular πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΉ
biwisai		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ΄πƒπŒΉ
biwesi		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
biwisaidau
1st dual πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
biwisaiwa		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ΄πƒπŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
biweseiwa		 β€”
2nd dual πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
biwisaits		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ΄πƒπŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
biweseits		 β€”
1st plural πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
biwisaima		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ΄πƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
biweseima		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
biwisaindau
2nd plural πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
biwisaiΓΎ		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ΄πƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
biweseiΓΎ		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
biwisaindau
3rd plural πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
biwisaina		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒ΄πƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
biweseina		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
biwisaindau
Imperative
2nd singular πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒ
biwis
3rd singular πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
biwisadau
2nd dual πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πƒ
biwisats
2nd plural πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒΈ
biwisiΓΎ
3rd plural πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
biwisandau
Present Past
Participles πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
biwisands		 πŒ±πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ½πƒ
biwisans

Further reading
  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 176
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