πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒ½

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌹𐌽- (in-) +β€Ž π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒ½ (reirān).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /inˈriːraːn/

Verb

πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (inreirān) (ingressive)

  1. to quake
    • Matthew 27:51:
      𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐌰𐌽 π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ·πŒ°πŒ· πŒ°πŒ»πŒ·πƒ πŒ³πŒΉπƒπŒΊπ‚πŒΉπ„πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ° 𐌹𐌽 π„π…πŒ°, πŒΉπŒΏπ€πŒ°πŒΈπ‚π‰ 𐌿𐌽𐌳 𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌸, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒΈπŒ° πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½π‰πƒ πŒ³πŒΉπƒπƒπŒΊπ‚πŒΉπ„πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
      jah ΓΎan faurhah alhs diskritnōda in twa, iupaΓΎrō und dalaΓΎ, jah airΓΎa inreiraida, jah stainōs disskritnōdΔ“dun
      And, behold, the veil of the temple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom; and the earth did quake, and the rocks rent (KJV)

Conjugation
Class 3 weak
Infinitive πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒ½
inreirān
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°
inreira		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
inreiraida		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
inreirāda
2nd singular πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπƒ
inreirais		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
inreiraidΔ“s		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
inreirāza
3rd singular πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
inreiraiΓΎ		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
inreiraida		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
inreirāda
1st dual πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚π‰πƒ
inreirōs		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ
inreiraidΔ“du		 β€”
2nd dual πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°π„πƒ
inreirāts		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
inreiraidΔ“duts		 β€”
1st plural πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΌ
inreirām		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
inreiraidΔ“dum		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
inreirānda
2nd plural πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
inreiraiΓΎ		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
inreiraidΔ“duΓΎ		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
inreirānda
3rd plural πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
inreirānd		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
inreiraidΔ“dun		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
inreirānda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΏ
inreirau		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
inreiraidΔ“djau		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
inreiraidau
2nd singular πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπƒ
inreirais		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
inreiraidΔ“deis		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
inreiraizau
3rd singular πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉ
inreirai		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ
inreiraidΔ“di		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
inreiraidau
1st dual πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
inreiraiwa		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
inreiraidΔ“deiwa		 β€”
2nd dual πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
inreiraits		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
inreiraidΔ“deits		 β€”
1st plural πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
inreiraima		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
inreiraidΔ“deima		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
inreiraindau
2nd plural πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
inreiraiΓΎ		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
inreiraidΔ“deiΓΎ		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
inreiraindau
3rd plural πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
inreiraina		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
inreiraidΔ“deina		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
inreiraindau
Imperative
2nd singular πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉ
inreirai
3rd singular πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
inreirādau
2nd dual πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°π„πƒ
inreirāts
2nd plural πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
inreiraiΓΎ
3rd plural πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
inreirāndau
Present Past
Participles πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
inreirānds		 πŒΉπŒ½π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈπƒ
inreiraiΓΎs

Further reading
  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 111
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