𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡

Prakrit

Alternative forms
  • 𑀩𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (bakkhāṇa)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀯𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀔𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀦 (vyākhyā́na).

Noun

𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (vakkhāṇa) n (Devanagari वक्खाण, Kannada ವಕ್ಖಾಣ) (Maharastri, Sauraseni) [1][2]

  1. lecture, speech
  2. explanation, tale
    • c. 1088 – 1173, Hemachandra, Siddha-Hema-Śabdanuśāśana Chapter 8 2.90:
      𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑀻𑀬-𑀢𑀼𑀭𑁆𑀬𑀬𑁄𑀭𑀼𑀧𑀭𑀺 𑀧𑀽𑀭𑁆𑀯𑀂 𑁈𑁯𑁈
      𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑀻𑀬𑀢𑀼𑀭𑁆𑀬𑀬𑁄𑀭𑁆𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀯𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀲𑀁𑀕𑁂 𑀉𑀧𑀭𑀺 𑀧𑀽𑀭𑁆𑀯𑁅 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀂𑁇 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑀻𑀬𑀲𑁆𑀬𑁄𑀧𑀭𑀺
      𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀣𑀫𑀰𑁆𑀘𑀢𑀼𑀭𑁆𑀣𑀲𑁆𑀬𑁄𑀧𑀭𑀺 𑀢𑀾𑀢𑀻𑀬 𑀇𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀭𑁆𑀣𑀂𑁇 𑀰𑁂𑀱𑁇 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁𑁇 𑀯𑀕𑁆𑀖𑁄𑁇 𑀫𑀼𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸𑁇
      𑀦𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀭𑁄𑁇 𑀓𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀁𑁇 𑀢𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀁𑁇 𑀦𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀡𑁄𑁇 𑀕𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀁𑁇 𑀦𑀺𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀭𑁄𑁇 𑀆𑀤𑁂𑀰𑁇 𑀚𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁄𑁇
      𑀖𑀲𑁆𑀬 𑀦𑀸𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀺𑁇 𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑁇 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀁𑁇 𑀧𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑁇 𑀯𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠𑁄𑁇 𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑁄𑁇 𑀆𑀮𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁄𑁇
      𑀧𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀁𑁇 𑀪𑀺𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀮𑁄𑁇 𑀢𑁃𑀮𑀸𑀤𑁅 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀯𑁂 𑀑𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀮𑀁𑁇 𑀲𑁂𑀯𑀸𑀤𑁅
      𑀦𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑁇 𑀦𑀳𑀸𑁇 𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀲𑁂𑁇 𑀓𑀇-𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀑 𑀓𑀇-𑀥𑀑𑁇 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀯 𑀇𑀢𑁆𑀬𑁂𑀯𑁇 𑀔𑀸𑀑𑁇
      dvitīya-turyayorupari pūrvaḥ .9.
      dvitīyaturyayŏrdvitvaprasaṃge upari pūrvau bhavataḥ. dvitīyasyopari
      prathamaścaturthasyopari tṛtīya ityarthaḥ. śeṣa. vakkhāṇaṃ. vaggho. mucchā.
      nijjharo. kaṭṭhaṃ. titthaṃ. niddhaṇo. gupphaṃ. nibbharo. ādeśa. jakkho.
      ghasya nāsti. acchī. majjhaṃ. paṭṭhī. vuḍḍho. hattho. āliddho.
      pupphaṃ. bhibbhalo. tailādau dvitve ŏkkhalaṃ. sevādau
      nakkhā. nahā. samāse. kaï-ddhao kaï-dhao. dvitva ityeva. khāo.

Declension
Maharastri declension of 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (neuter)
singular plural
Nominative 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇaṃ) 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (vakkhāṇāi)
Accusative 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇaṃ) 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (vakkhāṇāi)
Instrumental 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡 (vakkhāṇeṇa) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇeṇaṃ) 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (vakkhāṇehi) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (vakkhāṇehiṃ)
Dative 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀅 (vakkhāṇāa) —
Ablative 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀑 (vakkhāṇāo) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀉 (vakkhāṇāu) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸 (vakkhāṇā) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (vakkhāṇāhi) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (vakkhāṇāhiṃto) —
Genitive 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (vakkhāṇassa) 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡 (vakkhāṇāṇa) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇāṇaṃ)
Locative 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (vakkhāṇammi) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂 (vakkhāṇe) 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (vakkhāṇesu) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (vakkhāṇesuṃ)
Vocative 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (vakkhāṇa) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸 (vakkhāṇā) 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (vakkhāṇāi)
Sauraseni declension of 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (neuter)
singular plural
Nominative 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇaṃ) 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ)
Accusative 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇaṃ) 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ)
Instrumental 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡 (vakkhāṇeṇa) 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (vakkhāṇehiṃ)
Dative — —
Ablative 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀤𑁄 (vakkhāṇādo) —
Genitive 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (vakkhāṇassa) 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇāṇaṃ)
Locative 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂 (vakkhāṇe) 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (vakkhāṇesu) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (vakkhāṇesuṃ)
Vocative 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (vakkhāṇa) 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ)

Derived terms
Terms inherited from 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀇 (vakkhāṇaï)
  • Central:
    • Eastern Hindi:
      • Old Awadhi: बखानइ (bakhānai)
    • Western Hindi:
      • Braj: बखानन (bakhānan)
      • Bundeli: बखानबो (bakhānbo)
      • Hindustani: bakhānnā
        Hindi: बखानना
        Urdu: بَکَھانْنَا (bakhānnā)
  • Eastern:
    • Assamese: বখান (bokhan)
    • Bihari:
      • Bhojpuri: bakhānal
        Devanagari script: बखानल
        Kaithi script: 𑂥𑂎𑂰𑂢𑂪
      • Maithili: bakhānab
        Devanagari script: बखानब
        Tirhuta script: 𑒥𑒐𑒰𑒢𑒥
    • Odia: ବଖାଣିବା (bôkhaṇiba)
  • Northern:
    • Western Pahari:
      • Dogri: bakhānnā
        Devanagari script: बखानना
        Dogra script: 𑠠𑠋𑠬𑠝𑠝𑠬
    • Eastern Pahari:
      • Nepali: बखान्नु (bakhānnu)
  • Northwestern:
    • Old Punjabi: ਵਖਾਣਿ (vakhāṇi), ਵਖਾਨਿ (vakhāni)
      • Punjabi: bakhānṇā
        Gurmukhi script: ਬਖਾਨਣਾ
        Shahmukhi script: بَکھانݨا
    • Sindhi:
      Arabic script: واکاڻَڻُ, وکاڻڻ
      Devanagari script: वाखाणणु, वखाणणु
  • Southern:
    • Konkani:
      Devanagari script: वाखाण्चे (vākhāṇce)
      Kannada script: ವಾಖಣ್ಚೆ
      Latin script: vakhannche
    • Old Marathi: vākhāṇaṇe, vāṣāṇaṇe
      Devanagari script: वाखाणणे, वाषाणणे
      Modi script: 𑘪𑘰𑘏𑘰𑘜𑘜𑘹, 𑘪𑘰𑘬𑘰𑘜𑘜𑘹
      • Marathi: vākhāṇṇe
        Devanagari script: वाखाणणे
        Modi script: 𑘪𑘰𑘏𑘰𑘜𑘜𑘹
  • Western:
    • Ahirani: वखाननं (vakhānna)
    • Old Gujarati: वक्खाणिउं (vakkhāṇiuṃ)
      • Gojri: بَکھانو (bakhāno)
      • Middle Gujarati: वक्खाणइ, वखाणइ
      • Malvi: बखाणणो (bakhāṇṇo), वखाणणो
      • Marwari:
        Devanagari script: बखांणणौ (bakhā̃ṇṇau)
        Mahajani script: 𑅪𑅖𑅧𑅢𑅢𑅒 (bkhnṇṇu)
      • Nimadi: वखाणणूं (vakhāṇṇū̃)
  • ⇒ Old Kannada: ವಕ್ಖಣಿಸು (vakkhaṇisu), ವಕ್ಖಾಣಿಸು (vakkhāṇisu)
    • Kannada: ಒಕ್ಕಣಿಸು (okkaṇisu), ವಕ್ಕಣಿಸು (vakkaṇisu)
  • ⇒ Telugu: వక్కాణించు (vakkāṇiñcu), వక్కణించు (vakkaṇiñcu)

Descendants
Descendants
  • Central:
  • Eastern:
    • Old Bengali: বখান
    • Bihari:
    • Odia: ବଖାଣ (bôkhaṇô)
  • Northern:
    • Central Pahari:
    • Western Pahari:
      • Dogri: bakhān
        Devanagari script: बखान
        Dogra script: 𑠠𑠋𑠬𑠝
    • Eastern Pahari:
  • Northwestern:
    • Old Punjabi: ਵਖਾਣੁ (vakhāṇu), ਵਖਿਆਣੁ (vakhiāṇu), ਵਖਿਆਨੁ (vakhiānu)
      • Punjabi: vakhāṇ, bakhāṇ
        Gurmukhi script: ਵਖਾਣ, ਬਖਾਣ
        Shahmukhi script: وَکھان, بَکھان
    • Sindhi: vākhāṇa
      Arabic script: واکاڻَ
      Devanagari script: वाखाण
      Sindhi: 𑋛𑋠𑊻𑋠𑋌
  • Southern:
    • Konkani:
      Devanagari script: वाखाणणी (vākhāṇṇī)
      Kannada script: ವಾಖಣ್ಣಿ
      Latin script: vakhann’nni
    • Old Marathi: vākhāṇa
      Devanagari script: वाखाण
      Modi script: 𑘪𑘰𑘏𑘰𑘜
      • Marathi: vākhāṇa
        Devanagari script: वाखाण
        Modi script: 𑘪𑘰𑘏𑘰𑘜
  • Western:
    • Old Gujarati: वक्खाण (vakkhāṇa)
      • Middle Gujarati: वक्खाण, वखाण
        • Gujarati: વખાણ (vakhāṇ)
      • Marwari:
        Devanagari script: बखाण (bakhāṇ), बखांण (bakhā̃ṇ), ब़खांण (b̤akhāṇṇ)
        Mahajani script: 𑅪𑅖𑅢 (bkhṇ), 𑅪𑅖𑅧𑅢 (bkhnṇ), 𑅪𑅳𑅖𑅧𑅢 (b̤khnṇ)
  • → Kannada: ಒಕ್ಕಣೆ (okkaṇe), ವಕ್ಕಣೆ (vakkaṇe)
  • → Tamil: வக்கணை (vakkaṇai)
  • → Telugu: వక్కణ (vakkaṇa), వక్కాణ (vakkāṇa)

References
  1. E.B. Cowell (1868) The Prákṛit Prakáśa‎, London: Trübner & Co., page 130
  2. Misra, Bal Govind (1967) Historical Phonology of Modern Standard Hindi: Proto-Indo-European to the Present, Cornell University, page 197
  • Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923-1928) “वक्खाण”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [Pāia-Sadda-Mahaṇṇavo; lit. Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author], page 736.
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “vakkhāṇa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 706
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.