Reconstruction:Old Median/zaraniyakā

This Old Median entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Old Median

Etymology

From *zaranyam +‎ *-kā, from Proto-Iranian *jr̥Hanyam (“gold”). Compare Old Armenian զառիկ (zaṙik), a Middle Iranian borrowing.

Noun

*zaraniyakā[1][2]

arsenic

Descendants

Middle Median: *zarnīkā
- → Classical Persian: زرنیک (zarnīk), زرنی (zarnī) (perhaps via middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (*zlnyk' /⁠zarnīk/g⁠/))
  - Iranian Persian: زرنی (zarnī) (dialictal)
- → Aramaic: 𐡆𐡓𐡍𐡉𐡊𐡀 (zarnīḵā)
  - Classical Syriac: ܙܪܢܝܟܐ (zarnīḵā)
    - → Ancient Greek: ἀρσενικόν (arsenikón)
      - → Latin: arsenicum (see there for further descendants)
  - → Arabic: زِرْنِيخ (zirnīḵ), زَرْنِيخ (zarnīḵ)
    - → Persian: زرنیخ (zarnix)
  - → Hebrew: זַרְנִיךְ (zarnîḵ)

References

Hinz, Walther (1975) “*zarnyaka-”, in Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen (Göttinger Orientforschungen, Reihe III, Iranica; 3)‎ (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 278
Tavernier, Jan (2007) “*Zarn(i)yaka-”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 441: “441”

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[1] Hinz, Walther (1975) “*zarnyaka-”, in Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen (Göttinger Orientforschungen, Reihe III, Iranica; 3)‎ (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 278

[2] Tavernier, Jan (2007) “*Zarn(i)yaka-”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 441: “441”