Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/CuməS

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Noun

*CuməS

clothes louse
body louse

Descendants

Northern Formosan
- Saisiyat: somaeh
East Formosan
- Kavalan: tumes
- Amis: tumus
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *tumah
- Philippine
  - Batanic
    - Itbayat: tomah
    - Ivatan: tuma
    - Ibatan: toma
  - Northern Luzon
    - Ilocano: túma
    - Meso-Cordilleran
      - Central Cordilleran
        Ifugao
        Batad Ifugao: tūma
        Mayoyao Ifugao: túma
        Bontok-Kankanaey
        Central Bontoc: túma
        Kankanaey: túma
      - Southern Cordilleran
        Pangasinan: tomá
        Karao: toma
  - Central Luzon
    - Kapampangan: tuma
    - Sambalic
      - Abenlen Ayta: tomah
  - Greater Central Philippine
    - Central Philippine
      - Tagalog: túma
      - Bikol Central: túma
      - Visayan
        Cebuano: túma
      - Mansaka: toma
    - South Mangyan
      - Hanunoo: túma
    - Palawanic
      - Central Palawano: tuma
      - Brooke's Point Palawano: tuma
    - Subanen
      - Central Subanen: tuma
    - Manobo
      - Binukid: tuma
    - Danao
      - Maranao: tom
    - Gorontalo–Mongondow
      - Gorontalo: tumo
      - Mongondow: tuma
  - Kalamian
    - Calamian Tagbanwa: tuma'
  - Sangiric
    - Sangir: tuma
  - Minahasan
    - Tontemboan: tuma
- Greater Barito
  - Sama–Bajaw
    - Yakan: tume
    - Mapun: tuma
    - West Coast Bajau: tumo
    - Indonesian Bajau: tuma
  - West Barito
    - Ngaju: tume
- North Bornean
  - Northeast Sabahan
    - Bonggi: tuma
    - Ida'an: tumo
  - North Sarawakan
    - Dayic
      - Kelabit: tumeh
  - Central Sarawakan
    - Punan
      - Punan Tubu: tumoh
- Land Dayak
  - Bidayuh
    - Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh: tumuh
- Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
  - Batak
    - Karo Batak: tuma
    - Dairi Batak: tuma
    - Toba Batak: tuma
- Rejang: tumêi
- Malayo-Sumbawan
  - Malayic
    - Iban: tuma
    - Malay: tuma
      - Indonesian: tuma
  - Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa
    - Balinese: tuma
    - Sasak: tuma, ketuma
  - Madurese: tuma
  - Sundanese: tuma
- Old Javanese: tuma
  - Javanese: ꦠꦸꦩ (tuma)
- South Sulawesi
  - Bugis–Tamanic
    - Buginese: tuma
  - Makassaric
    - Makasar: gantuma
  - Northern
    - Mandar: tuma
    - Tae': tuma
- Celebic
  - Saluan–Banggai
    - Balantak: tuma'
  - Muna–Buton
    - Muna: tuma
  - Tomini–Tolitoli
    - Tolitoli
      - Totoli: tuma
    - Tomini
      - Tajio: tuma
      - Dampelas: tuma
  - Wotu–Wolio
    - Wolio: tuma
- Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian: *tuma
  - Central Malayo-Polynesian
    - Sumba–Flores
      - Western Flores
        Manggarai: tuma
        Komodo: tuma
        Ngadha: tuma
    - Kei–Tanimbar
      - Kei: tuman
      - Fordata: tuma
      - Yamdena: tume
    - Selaru
      - Selaru: tum-lef
    - Timoric
      - Tetumic
        Tetum: tuma, katuma
      - Rote–Meto
        Bilba: tuma
      - Luangic
        Luang: toma
        Leti (Indonesia): tuma
    - Central Maluku
      - West Central Maluku
        Buru (Indonesia): tuman
        Taliabu: tuma
  - Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
    - Halmahera–Cenderawasih
      - Halmahera Sea
        Buli (Indonesia): tun
        Sawai: étim
    - Oceanic: *tuma
      - Western Oceanic
        North New Guinea
        Ngero–Vitiaz
        Lusi: tuma
        Kove: tuma
        Huon Gulf
        Jabem: tôm
        Meso-Melanesian
        Nakanai: la-tuma
        Papuan Tip
        Are
        Gapapaiwa: tuma
        Suauic
        Suau: tuma
        Saliba (New Guinea): tuma
        Bwanabwana: tuma
        Oumic
        Magori: tuma
        →? Mailu: tuma
      - Central-Eastern Oceanic
        Southeast Solomonic
        Bugotu–Gela
        Gela: tuma
        Malaita–Makira
        Wala: ne-tum
        Central Pacific
        Polynesian: *tuma
        Tongic
        Tongan: tuma
        Niuean: tuma
        Nuclear Polynesian
        Ellicean
        Nukuoro: tuma
        Futunic
        East Futuna: tuma
        Wallisian: tuma

References

Blust, Robert & Stephen Trussell, Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *CumeS.

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