< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic

Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/-tiyū

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-ti-Hon-, an extension of *-tis with *-Hō. Cognate to Latin -tiō.

Suffix

*-tiyū f[1]

  1. Forms action nouns from verbal roots.
    ‎*wid- (“to tell”) + ‎*-tiyū → ‎*wissiyū (“telling, saying”)
    ‎*sem- (“to pour”) + ‎*-tiyū → ‎*santiyū (“outpour”)
    ‎*men- (“to think”) + ‎*-tiyū → ‎*mentiyū (“thought”)

Usage notes
  • The verb root is almost always put in the zero grade when this suffix is attached in Proto-Celtic.
  • Caused root-final *m to assimilate to *n.
  • When attached to a dental-final root, the root-final consonant and the suffix-initial consonant fuse to *-ss-.

Inflection
Masculine/feminine n-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *-tiyū *-tiyone? *-tiyones
vocative *-tiyū *-tiyone? *-tiyones
accusative *-tiyonam *-tiyone? *-tiyonams
genitive *-tiyonos *-tiyonows? *-tiyonom
dative *-tiyonei *-tiyombom *-tiyombos
locative *-tiyon(i) *? *?
instrumental *-tiyonei *-tiyombim *-tiyombis

Derived terms
Proto-Celtic terms suffixed with *-tiyū

Descendants
  • Old Irish: -tiu, -thiu

References
  1. Stüber, Karin (1998) The Historical Morphology of n-Stems in Celtic (Maynooth studies in Celtic linguistics; III), Department of Old Irish, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, →ISBN, pages 120-143
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