< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic

Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kulɸom

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Unclear; it has been compared with Latin culpa (“blame, guilt, crime”), and *ɸ may be reconstructed if the comparison is valid. It has also alternatively been compared to Latin scelus (“crime, criminal”),[1] but the -u- is harder to explain that way.

Noun

*kulɸom n

  1. sin
  2. violation

Inflection
Neuter o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *kulɸom *kulɸou *kulɸā
vocative *kulɸom *kulɸou *kulɸā
accusative *kulɸom *kulɸou *kulɸā
genitive *kulɸī *kulɸous *kulɸom
dative *kulɸūi *kulɸobom *kulɸobos
locative *kulɸei *? *?
instrumental *kulɸū *kulɸobim *kulɸūis

Descendants
  • Proto-Brythonic: *kul
    • Old Breton: col
    • Middle Welsh: cwl, kwl, cul
      • Welsh: cŵl
  • Old Irish: col
    • Irish: col
    • Scottish Gaelic: col (“incest”)

References
  1. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*kul(f)o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 228-229
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