< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic

Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/sexskā

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Thought to be cognate with Proto-Germanic *sagjaz (“sedge”), both perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *sek(H)- (“to cut”),[1] either from *séks-keh₂, from se-present *sék(H)-se-ti +‎ *-keh₂, or *sésk(H)-eh₂, from reduplicated thematic aorist *sé-sk(H)-et +‎ *-eh₂.[2][3]

Noun

*sexskā f[1][4][5]

  1. rushes, sedge

Declension
Feminine ā-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *sexskā *sexskai *sexskās
vocative *sexskā *sexskai *sexskās
accusative *sexskam *sexskai *sexskāms
genitive *sexskās *sexskous *sexskom
dative *sexskāi *sexskābom *sexskābos
locative *sexskai *? *?
instrumental *? *sexskābim *sexskābis

Alternative reconstructions

Reconstruction notes

The Middle Irish form cannot be from the exact same form as the Brythonic, as an i-stem would lead to an i-affection of the *e, which does not actually occur.

Descendants
  • Proto-Brythonic: *hesk
    • Middle Breton: hesq
      • Breton: hesk
    • Cornish: heschen, hesc
    • Middle Welsh: hescenn
  • Middle Irish: seisc (< *sexskis)

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “2. sĕk-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 895: “*sek-skā”
  2. Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 165: “*seski-; *seskV-”
  3. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*sahaza-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 421
  4. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*sex-skā/i-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 331
  5. Koch, John (2004) “*se(x)skā-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda‎, University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, page 291
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