< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/skokīti
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *skek-, whence also Proto-Germanic *skehaną and Proto-Slavic *skočiti.[1]
Inflection
There were two related verbs, a weak verb *skokīti and a strong verb *skeketi.[2] In Old Irish, the present stem of the strong verb fell out of use but the rest of the paradigm, like the subjunctive and preterite, remained.
| Ī-present, suffixless preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *skokeyū | *skokīmam | ? | ? |
| 2nd singular | *skokīsi | *skokītās | ? | ? |
| 3rd singular | *skokīti | *skokīto | ? | ? |
| 1st plural | *skokeyomosi | *skokīmo | ? | ? |
| 2nd plural | *skokītesi | *skokīstē | ? | ? |
| 3rd plural | *skokeyonti | *skokīnto | ? | ? |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | ? | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | ? | ? | *skokī | |
| 3rd singular | ? | ? | *skokītou | |
| 1st plural | ? | ? | *skokeyomos | |
| 2nd plural | ? | ? | *skokīte | |
| 3rd plural | ? | ? | *skokeyontou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *skokeyūr | — | ? | — |
| 2nd singular | *skokītar | — | ? | — |
| 3rd singular | *skokītor | ? | ? | — |
| 1st plural | *skokeyommor | — | ? | — |
| 2nd plural | *skokīdwe | — | ? | — |
| 3rd plural | *skokeyontor | ? | ? | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | ? | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | ? | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | ? | — | — | |
| 1st plural | ? | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | ? | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | ? | — | — | |
| Thematic present, suffixless preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *skekū | *skekemam | ? | *skāka |
| 2nd singular | *skekesi | *skeketās | ? | *skākas? |
| 3rd singular | *skeketi | *skeketo | ? | *skāke |
| 1st plural | *skekomosi | *skekemo | ? | *skākmo |
| 2nd plural | *skeketesi | *skekestē | ? | *skāxte |
| 3rd plural | *skekonti | *skekento | ? | *skākar |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *skexsū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *skexsesi | ? | *skeke | |
| 3rd singular | *skexseti | ? | *skeketou | |
| 1st plural | *skexsomosi | ? | *skekomos | |
| 2nd plural | *skexsetesi | ? | *skekete | |
| 3rd plural | *skexsonti | ? | *skekontou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *skekūr | — | ? | — |
| 2nd singular | *skeketar | — | ? | — |
| 3rd singular | *skeketor | ? | ? | — |
| 1st plural | *skekommor | — | ? | — |
| 2nd plural | *skekedwe | — | ? | — |
| 3rd plural | *skekontor | ? | ? | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *skexsūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *skexsetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *skexsetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *skexsommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *skexsedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *skexsontor | — | — | |
Derived terms
- *dī-skokīti
- ⇒ Breton: diskogellañ
- *kom-uss-skokīti
- Old Irish: con·oscaigi
- *to-ɸro-uss-skokīti
- Old Irish: do·róscai
Related terms
- *skeketi
- Old Irish: ro·scáich (3sg perfect), ·roisc (3sg subjunctive)
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*skek-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 341
- Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, page 380
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