< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/lëuka

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Suggested to be a borrowing from early Proto-Baltic *leukā (“glands in an animal's neck”) (whence e.g. Lithuanian liauka (“gland”)). Several descendants (Ingrian, eastern dialects of Finnish, Karelian, Lule Sami) have a secondary meaning "part in a seine delineating the entrance to the bottommost section".

Noun

*lëuka[1]

  1. chin, jaw

Inflection
Inflection of *lëuka
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *lëuka *lëugat
accusative *lëugan *lëugat
genitive *lëugan *lëukadën
*lëukëidën
partitive *lëukada *lëukëida
inessive *lëugassa
*lëugahna		 *lëugëissa
*lëugëihna
elative *lëugasta *lëugëista
illative *lëukahën *lëukëihën
adessive *lëugalla *lëugëilla
ablative *lëugalta *lëugëilta
allative *lëukalën
*lëukalëk		 *lëukëilën
*lëukëilëk
essive *lëukana *lëukëina
translative *lëugaksi *lëugëiksi
instructive *lëugan *lëugëin
comitative *lëukanëk *lëukëinëk
abessive *lëugatta *lëugëitta

Descendants
  • Estonian: lõug
  • Finnish: leuka
  • Ingrian: leuka
  • Karelian:
  • Livonian: lȭga
  • Livvi: leugu
  • Ludian: löug
  • Veps: löug
  • Võro: lõug
  • Votic: lõukõ
  • → Lule Sami: leuke

References
  1. Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*lëuka”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto‎ (in Finnish)

Further reading
  • “lõug”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
  • Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
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