< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/parma

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Permic *parma, probably of onomatopoeic origin.

Noun

*parma

  1. horsefly, gadfly (fly of the family Tabanidae)

Inflection
Inflection of *parma
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *parma *parmat
accusative *parman *parmat
genitive *parman *parmadën
*parmoidën
partitive *parmada *parmoida
inessive *parmassa
*parmahna		 *parmoissa
*parmoihna
elative *parmasta *parmoista
illative *parmahën *parmoihën
adessive *parmalla *parmoilla
ablative *parmalta *parmoilta
allative *parmalën
*parmalëk		 *parmoilën
*parmoilëk
essive *parmana *parmoina
translative *parmaksi *parmoiksi
instructive *parman *parmoin
comitative *parmanëk *parmoinëk
abessive *parmatta *parmoitta

Descendants
  • Estonian: parm
  • Finnish: paarma, (dialectal) parma
  • Ingrian: paarma
  • Karelian: poarma, puarma
  • Livvi: puarmu
  • Ludian: puarm
  • Veps: parm
  • Võro: parm
  • Votic: (Jõgõperä) paarmõ

From *parmas:

  • Ingrian: paarmas
  • Livonian: pārmaz
  • Votic: paarmõz

Further reading
  • “parm”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
  • Entry #1466 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
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