< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rippudak

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Uncertain. LÄGLOS connects Finnish riippua with *riippi, the supposed ancestor of Estonian ribi ("hay basket") and Finnish riippi ("mesh backpack"), for which a Germanic etymology exists. Any connection would however require -ii- to be primary, and those two words only have fragmentary dialectal attestation, suggesting that one is borrowed from the other and/or a more recent Germanic borrowing. Thus it is unlikely that Finnic *rippu- is related to either.

Verb

*rippudak (stem *rippu-)

  1. to hang (to be suspended)

Inflection
Inflection of *rippudak
Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
present past imperative optative
1st sing. *rip'un *rip'uin — *rippugon
2nd sing. *rip'ut *rip'uit *rip'uk *rippugos
3rd sing. *rippubi
*rippu		 *rippui *rippugasën *rippugosën
1st plur. *rip'ukmëk
*rip'ukmak		 *rippuimëk
*rippuimak		 *rippugatëmëk
*rippugatamak		 *rippugotëmëk
*rippugotamak
2nd plur. *rip'uktëk
*rip'uktak		 *rippuidëk
*rippuidak		 *rippugatë
*rippugata		 *rippugot'ëk
*rippugotadak
3rd plur. *rippubat
*rippu		 *rippui *rippugasën *rippugosën
passive *rip'uksën
*rip'ut'aksën		 *rippudisën
*rip'uttisën		 *rippudakahën
*rip'uttakahën		 *rippudakohën
*rip'uttakohën
connegative *rip'uk — *rippugak *rippugok
passive connegative *rip'uktak — *rippudagak
*rip'uttagak		 *rippudagok
*rip'uttagok
conditional 1 conditional 2 potential
1st sing. *rip'ukcin *rippuicin *rippunën
2nd sing. *rip'ukcit *rippuicit *rippunët
3rd sing. *rip'ukci *rippuici *rippuni
1st plur. *rip'ukcimëk
*rip'ukcimak		 *rippuicimëk
*rippuicimak		 *rippunëmëk
*rippunëmak
2nd plur. *rip'ukcidëk
*rip'ukcidak		 *rippuicidëk
*rippuicidak		 *rippunëdëk
*rippunëdak
3rd plur. *rip'ukci *rippuici *rippuni
passive *rippudakcihën
*rip'ut'akcihën		 *rippudicihën
*rip'utticihën		 *rippudanëhën
*rip'uttanëhën
connegative *rip'ukcik *rippuicik *rippunëk
passive connegative *rippudakcik
*rip'ut'akcik		 *rippudicik
*rip'utticik		 *rippudanëk
*rip'uttanëk
non-finite forms infinitives/nouns participles
active passive
infinitive 1 *rippudak present *rippuba *rippudapa
*rip'uttapa
infinitive 2 *rippudë- past *rippunut *rippudu
*rip'uttu
gerund/supine *rippuma
action noun *rippuminen

Descendants
  • Estonian: rippuma/rippuda
  • Finnish: riippua, rippua (dialectal)
  • Ingrian: rippua
  • Karelian: rippuo
  • Livvi: rippuo
  • Ludian: rippuda
  • Veps: ripta
  • Võro: ripma/rippuq
  • Votic: rippua

Further reading
  • “rippuma”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
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