Reconstruction:Proto-Georgian-Zan/q̇ua-

The meaning of this root is uncertain. According to Klimov the Proto-Kartvelian term for the meaning of "forehead" was *šubl-, which is why the meaning of the Zan cognates is considered to be secondary. Note also Proto-Georgian-Zan *q̇win- (“temple; forehead (?)”).

The root is securely reconstructible only for Proto-Georgian-Zan because Svan ყუუ̂ა (q̇uûa, “handle”) is most likely borrowed from Georgian.

*q̇ua-

1. handle (of an axe) (clarification of this definition is needed)

• Georgian: ყუა (q̇ua, “handle”), ყუვი (q̇uvi); ყუვაჲ (q̇uvay)
  • →? Svan: ყუუ̂ა (q̇uûa, “handle”)
• Zan:
  • Laz: კვა (ǩva, “forehead”), ყვა (qva)
  • Mingrelian: ჸვა (ʾva, “forehead”)
• ⇒? Proto-Georgian-Zan: *q̇win- (“temple; forehead”)
  • Old Georgian: ყჳნი (q̇wini, “forehead”)
    • ⇒ Georgian: ყვინია (q̇vinia, “with prominent forehead”) (Racha)
  • Zan:
    • Mingrelian: ჸვინგი (ʾvingi, “temple; occiput; neck”), ყვინგი (q̇vingi)

• Čikobava, Arnold (1938) Č̣anur-megrul-kartuli šedarebiti leksiḳoni [Laz–Megrel–Georgian Comparative Dictionary] (Works; IV) (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Arnold Chikobava Institute of Linguistics, published 2008, pages 66–67
• Klimov, G. A. (1964) Этимологический словарь картвельских языков [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Academy Press, page 213
• Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 245
• Penrixi (Fähnrich), Hainc, Sarǯvelaʒe, Zurab (2000) Kartvelur enata eṭimologiuri leksiḳoni [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Georgian), 2nd edition, Tbilisi: Tbilisi Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani State University Press, page 543
• Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 520