< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/airiwakraz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *airi (“early”) +‎ *wakraz (“awake, watchful”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈɑi̯ri.ˌwɑk.rɑz/

Adjective

*airiwakraz[1]

  1. early-awake

Inflection
Declension of *airiwakraz (a-stem)
strong declension
masculine feminine neuter
singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative *airiwakraz *airiwakrai *airiwakrō *airiwakrôz *airiwakrą, *-at(ō) *airiwakrō
accusative *airiwakranǭ *airiwakranz *airiwakrǭ *airiwakrōz *airiwakrą, *-at(ō) *airiwakrō
genitive *airiwakras, *airiwakris *airiwakraizǫ̂ *airiwakraizōz *airiwakraizǫ̂ *airiwakras, *airiwakris *airiwakraizǫ̂
dative *airiwakrammai *airiwakraimaz *airiwakraizōi *airiwakraimaz *airiwakrammai *airiwakraimaz
instrumental *airiwakranō *airiwakraimiz *airiwakraizō *airiwakraimiz *airiwakranō *airiwakraimiz
weak declension
masculine feminine neuter
singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative *airiwakrô *airiwakraniz *airiwakrǭ *airiwakrōniz *airiwakrô *airiwakrōnō
accusative *airiwakranų *airiwakranunz *airiwakrōnų *airiwakrōnunz *airiwakrô *airiwakrōnō
genitive *airiwakriniz *airiwakranǫ̂ *airiwakrōniz *airiwakrōnǫ̂ *airiwakriniz *airiwakranǫ̂
dative *airiwakrini *airiwakrammaz *airiwakrōni *airiwakrōmaz *airiwakrini *airiwakrammaz
instrumental *airiwakrinē *airiwakrammiz *airiwakrōnē *airiwakrōmiz *airiwakrinē *airiwakrammiz


Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *airiwak(k)r
    • Old High German: ērwackar
  • Old Norse: árvakr
    • Icelandic: árvakur

References
  1. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*airi-wakraz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 9
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