< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/faluz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pol- (“to pour, flow, float, fly, swim, flee”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈɸɑ.luz/

Adjective

*faluz

  1. terrible; cruel; bad; baleful

Inflection
Declension of *faluz (u-stem)
strong declension
masculine feminine neuter
singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative *faluz *faljai *falī *faljôz *falų, *-jatō *faljō
accusative *faljanǭ *faljanz *faljǭ *faljōz *falų, *-jatō *faljō
genitive *faljas, *falis *faljaizǫ̂ *faljaizōz *faljaizǫ̂ *faljas, *falis *faljaizǫ̂
dative *faljammai *faljaimaz *faljaizōi *faljaimaz *faljammai *faljaimaz
instrumental *faljanō *faljaimiz *faljaizō *faljaimiz *faljanō *faljaimiz
weak declension
masculine feminine neuter
singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative *faljô *faljaniz *faljǭ *faljōniz *faljô *faljōnō
accusative *faljanų *faljanunz *faljōnų *faljōnunz *faljô *faljōnō
genitive *faliniz *faljanǫ̂ *faljōniz *faljōnǫ̂ *faliniz *faljanǫ̂
dative *falini *faljammaz *faljōni *faljōmaz *falini *faljammaz
instrumental *falinē *faljammiz *faljōnē *faljōmiz *falinē *faljammiz


Derived terms

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *falu, *fali
    • Old English: *fæle, *felo, *fel
      • Middle English: fel, fell
      • ⇒ Old English: ælfæle, ealfelo
      • ⇒ Old English: wælfel
    • Old Frisian: fal
      • Saterland Frisian: fäl
      • West Frisian: fel
    • Old Saxon: *felu, *felo
      • Middle Low German: fel, vil (possibly a borrowing from Middle Dutch ?)
        • German Low German: fell
    • Old Dutch: *felo
      • Middle Dutch: fel (reinforced or possibly reborrowed from Old French)
    • Old High German: *felo
      • Middle High German: vel
    • → Vulgar Latin: *felus
  • Old Norse: *fæl (< Proto-Germanic *fēlaz)
    • Norwegian: fæl
    • Danish: fæl
    • ⇒ Old Norse: fæla (“to scare, terrify”)
      • ⇒ Old Norse: fælinn (“scared, timid, shy”)
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