Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hartą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱerd- (“heart”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxɑr.tɑ̃/

Noun

*hartą n[1]

pitch, resin

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *hartą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hartą	*hartō
vocative	*hartą	*hartō
accusative	*hartą	*hartō
genitive	hartas, hartis	*hartǫ̂
dative	*hartai	*hartamaz
instrumental	*hartō	*hartamiz

Related terms

*hartuz
*hertô

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *hart
- Old Saxon: hart
  - Middle Low German: hart, hars
- Old High German: harz
  - Middle High German: harz
    - German: Harz
    - → Middle Dutch: hars, harst
      - Dutch: hars
    - → Swedish: harts

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*harta-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 212

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[Kroonen-1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*harta-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 212