< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/mr̥gás

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

Likely limited to Indo-Iranian, perhaps a substrate borrowing. A doubtful connection has been suggested to Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)merh₂gʷ- (“dark”).[1] Burrow suggests a connection to Ancient Greek μάργος (márgos, “mad, furious”), with the putative semantic shift in Indo-Iranian being "mad" > "wild" > "wild beast", but according to Beekes, it is a Pre-Greek word.[2]

Noun

*mr̥gás m

  1. a forest animal

Inflection
masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *mr̥gás *mr̥gā́ *mr̥gā́, -ā́s(as)
vocative *mr̥ga *mr̥gā́ *mr̥gā́, -ā́s(as)
accusative *mr̥gám *mr̥gā́ *mr̥gā́ns
instrumental *mr̥gā́ *mr̥gáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *mr̥gā́yš
ablative *mr̥gā́t *mr̥gáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *mr̥gáybʰyas
dative *mr̥gā́y *mr̥gáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *mr̥gáybʰyas
genitive *mr̥gásya *mr̥gáyās *mr̥gā́na(H)m
locative *mr̥gáy *mr̥gáyaw *mr̥gáyšu

Descendants
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *mr̥gás
    • Sanskrit: मृग (mṛgá, “wild beast; deer”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Iranian: *mr̥gáh (“hen, bird”) (see there for further descendants)
  • ⇒ Proto-Nuristani: *mr̥ngācá (“bird”) (with addition of Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ā́ćš)
    • Northern Nuristani:
      • Kamkata-viri:
        Kamviri: mřaṅćë́
        Kativiri: mřëṅáć
      • Prasuni: maṅćṹ, nĩź
    • Southern Nuristani: *ningācá (assimilation for *mr̥ngācá)
      • Ashkun: niṅasë́
      • Waigali: niṅëćë

References
  1. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 147
  2. Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 370-1
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