< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/rayš-

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *(h₁)rey-s, an s-extension of *rey- (“to scratch, cut, tear”), and connected to Sanskrit लिख् (likh, “to write”), Old Norse rista (“to cut, carve”) and Lithuanian risums (“fissure, slit”).[1][2] However, Cheung appears to be skeptical of this.[3]

Root

*rayš-

  1. to be hurt, to be wounded, to suffer injury

Derived terms
  • *ríšyati
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ríṣyati
      • Sanskrit: रिष्यति (ríṣyati)
    • Proto-Iranian: *ríšyati
      • Avestan: 𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (irišiieiti)
  • *rayšás (“wound, injury”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *rayšáyati (“to hurt, cause injury”)
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *rayṣáyati
      • Sanskrit: रेषयति (reṣáyati)
    • Proto-Iranian: *rayšáyati
      • Avestan: *𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (*raēšaiieiti)
        • ⇒ Avestan: 𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬝 (raēšaiiāt̰)
  • *rištás (“hurt, wounded, damaged”)
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *riṣṭás
    • Proto-Iranian: *rištáh
      • Avestan: 𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬀 (irišta)
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Proto-Iranian:

References
  1. Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 462-3
  2. Edelʹman, D. I. (2020) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 355-6
  3. Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 309
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