< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Hárdah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hárdʰas.

Noun

*Hárdah m[1][2]

  1. half, side
  2. place

Inflection
masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *Hárdah *Hárdā *Hárdā
vocative *Hárda *Hárdā *Hárdā
accusative *Hárdam *Hárdā *Hárdānh
instrumental *Hárdā *HárdaybyaH *Hárdāyš
ablative *Hárdāt *HárdaybyaH *Hárdaybyah
dative *Hárdāy *HárdaybyaH *Hárdaybyah
genitive *Hárdahya *Hárdayāh *Hárdānam
locative *Hárday *Hárdayaw *Hárdayšu

Descendants
  • Central Iranian:
    • Younger Avestan: 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (arəδa)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Proto-Scythian: *árdi
      • Khotanese: [script needed] (hala)
        • ⇒ Khotanese: [script needed] (hālai)
      • Ossetian: ӕрдӕг (ærdæg)
    • Sogdo-Bactrian:
      • Bactrian: αρλο (arlo)
      • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (ʾrd)
      • Sogdian: [script needed] (ʾrδ /⁠arδ⁠/)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Kermanic:
      Qohrudi: āl
    • Sivandi: [script needed] (al)

References
  1. Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*arda-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 216-218
  2. Loma, Aleksandar (2002) “Aus der skythisch-sakischen Lehnwortforschung”, in Stachowski, Marek, editor, Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia, volume 7, Kraków: University of Kraków, page 63
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