< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian
Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Hárdah
Proto-Iranian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hárdʰas.
Inflection
masculine a-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *Hárdah | *Hárdā | *Hárdā |
vocative | *Hárda | *Hárdā | *Hárdā |
accusative | *Hárdam | *Hárdā | *Hárdānh |
instrumental | *Hárdā | *HárdaybyaH | *Hárdāyš |
ablative | *Hárdāt | *HárdaybyaH | *Hárdaybyah |
dative | *Hárdāy | *HárdaybyaH | *Hárdaybyah |
genitive | *Hárdahya | *Hárdayāh | *Hárdānam |
locative | *Hárday | *Hárdayaw | *Hárdayšu |
Related terms
Descendants
- Central Iranian:
- Younger Avestan: 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (arəδa)
- Northeastern Iranian:
- Proto-Scythian: *árdi
- Khotanese: [script needed] (hala)
- ⇒ Khotanese: [script needed] (hālai)
- Ossetian: ӕрдӕг (ærdæg)
- Khotanese: [script needed] (hala)
- Sogdo-Bactrian:
- Bactrian: αρλο (arlo)
- Khwarezmian: [script needed] (ʾrd)
- Sogdian: [script needed] (ʾrδ /arδ/)
- Proto-Scythian: *árdi
- Northwestern Iranian:
- Kermanic:
- Qohrudi: āl
- Sivandi: [script needed] (al)
- Kermanic:
References
- Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*arda-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 216-218
- Loma, Aleksandar (2002) “Aus der skythisch-sakischen Lehnwortforschung”, in Stachowski, Marek, editor, Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia, volume 7, Kraków: University of Kraków, page 63
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