< Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic

Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/tergen

This Proto-Mongolic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Mongolic

Etymology

Perhaps related to Proto-Tungusic *turki (“sleigh”) (Even турки (turki), Nanai токи (toki)), Nivkh т’у (tʼu) or Korean 달구지 (dalguji, “cart”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Noun

*tergen

  1. cart

Descendants
  • Middle Mongol:
    • Mongolian: ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ (tergen), ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ (terge)
    • Arabic: تيركان (tergen)
    • Chinese: 忒兒根 (tergen) (Beilu Yiyu)
  • Mongolian:
    • Classical Mongolian: ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ (terge)
    • Khalkha Mongolian: тэрэг (tereg)
    • Ordos Mongolian: [Term?] (/⁠tʰerge⁠/)
  • Kalmyk: тергн (tergn)
  • Buryat: тэргэ(н) (terge(n))
  • Khamnigan Mongol: terge(n)
  • Daur: tereg
  • East Yugur: tergen
    • → Western Yugur: terɣen
  • Monguor:
    • Mangghuer: tiriga
    • Mongghul: tierge
  • Dongxiang: qierge, qiereigvan
  • Tungusic:
    • → Evenki: тэргэ (tərgə), тэрга (tərga)
    • → Evenki: тэргэн (tərgən)
    • → Manchu: ᡨᡝᡵᡤᡝᠴᡳ (tergeci, “coachman”) (from *tergeci)
  • Turkic:
    • → Tuvan: тэргэ (terge)
    • → Tofa: тэргэ

References
  • Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)‎, Utrecht: LOT, page 519
  • Cincius, V. I. (1977) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Leningrad: Nauka, page 238
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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