< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic

Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/baṯan-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Noun

*baṯan- m

  1. venomous serpent, adder

Inflection
Declension of *baṯan-
Case Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *baṯanum *baṯanāna plural stem + *-ūna
Genitive *baṯanim *baṯanayna plural stem + *-īna
Accusative *baṯanam
possessive forms
1st person *baṯanī / *baṯanVya — *baṯanVni
2nd person m *baṯanVka *baṯanVkumā / *baṯanVkumay *baṯanVkum(ū)
2nd person f *baṯanVki *baṯanVkin(ā)
3rd person m *baṯanVšu *baṯanVšumā / *baṯanVšumay *baṯanVšum(ū)
3rd person f *baṯanVša *baṯanVšin(ā)
Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.

Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *baṯanuya for nom. case, *baṯaniya for gen. case, *baṯanaya for acc. case, etc.

Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *baṯan-
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *baṯanuka *baṯanāka plural stem + *-ūka
Genitive *baṯanika *baṯanayka plural stem + *-īka
Accusative *baṯanaka
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *baṯan-
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *baṯanuki *baṯanāki plural stem + *-ūki
Genitive *baṯaniki *baṯanayki plural stem + *-īki
Accusative *baṯanaki

Descendants
  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒈲𒊮𒉣𒇬 (bašmum), 𒈲𒊮𒌉 (bašmum), 𒁀𒀸𒈬 (bašmum)
    • Eblaite: 𒈤𒈲 (MAḪ-MUŠ /⁠baṯmum⁠/), 𒁀𒊭𒈬𒌝 (ba-ša-mu-um /⁠baṯmum⁠/), 𒁀𒊭𒉡𒌝 (ba-ša-nu-um /⁠baṯnum⁠/)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
      • Arabic: بَثَن (baṯan)
      • Northwest Semitic:
        • Aramaic:[2][3]
          • Classical Syriac: ܦܱܬܢܳܐ (paṯnā)
            • → Ancient Greek: βαθανηραθάν (bathanērathán)[4]
          • Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: פתנה (*paṯnā)
          • Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: פִתנָא (piṯnā)
          • Samaritan Aramaic: ࠐࠕࠍ (pṯn)
          • → Hebrew: פֶּתֶן (péten, péṯen)[5]
        • Canaanite:
          • Hebrew: בָּשָׁן (bashán, bāšān)
        • Ugaritic: 𐎁𐎘𐎐 (bṯn /⁠baṯanu⁠/)
    • Ethiopian Semitic:
      • Gurage:
        • Inor: ቡትየማታ (butəyämata)
        • Sebat Bet Gurage:
          • Chaha: ቡትያማት (butyamat)
          • Ezha: ቡትያማት (butyamat)
          • Gyeto: ቡትየማታ (butyämata)
          • Muher: ቡትያማት (buttəyamat)

References
  • Militarev, Alexander, Kogan, Leonid (2005) “*baṯan-”, in Semitic Etymological Dictionary, volume II: Animal Names, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 89–91 Nr. 63
  1. Wiggermann, Frans A. M. (1992) Mesopotamian Protective Spirits (Cuneiform Monographs; 1)‎, Groningen: STYX Publications / Brill, →ISBN, page 166
  2. “ptn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  3. Löw, Immanuel (1909) Aramäische Schlangennamen‎ (in German), Szegedin, page 16
  4. In the accusative, a hapax legomenon in a fragment of the Κέστοι (Késtoi) ascribed to Sextus Julius Africanus, where it is called Syrian, and which is also seen in Löw, Immanuel (1909) Aramäische Schlangennamen‎ (in German), Szegedin, page 11
  5. Wagner, Max (1966) Die lexikalischen und grammatikalischen Aramaismen im alttestamentlichen Hebräisch (Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft; 96) (in German), Berlin: Alfred Töpelmann, →ISBN, page 97
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