< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic

Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/mVdr-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Noun

*mVdr- m

  1. clod (of the earth, clay, bread etc.)

Inflection
Declension of *mVdr-
Case Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *mVdrum *mVdrāna plural stem + *-ūna
Genitive *mVdrim *mVdrayna plural stem + *-īna
Accusative *mVdram
possessive forms
1st person *mVdrī / *mVdrVya — *mVdrVni
2nd person m *mVdrVka *mVdrVkumā / *mVdrVkumay *mVdrVkum(ū)
2nd person f *mVdrVki *mVdrVkin(ā)
3rd person m *mVdrVšu *mVdrVšumā / *mVdrVšumay *mVdrVšum(ū)
3rd person f *mVdrVša *mVdrVšin(ā)
Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.

Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *mVdruya for nom. case, *mVdriya for gen. case, *mVdraya for acc. case, etc.

Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *mVdr-
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *mVdruka *mVdrāka plural stem + *-ūka
Genitive *mVdrika *mVdrayka plural stem + *-īka
Accusative *mVdraka
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *mVdr-
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *mVdruki *mVdrāki plural stem + *-ūki
Genitive *mVdriki *mVdrayki plural stem + *-īki
Accusative *mVdraki

Descendants
  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒃻 (midrum, “lump of bread”)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
      • Arabic: مَدَر (madar, “loam used for town buildings”)
      • Northwest Semitic:
        • Aramaic:
          Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: מִדְרָא (miḏrā)
        • Canaanite:
          • Biblical Hebrew: מֶדֶר (méder, méḏer)
      • Old South Arabian:
        • Sabaean: 𐩣𐩵𐩧 (mdr, “territory, ground”)
    • Ethiopian Semitic:

References
  • Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 189, who apparently does not understand the Akkadian witnesses, saying “attestation of this root in Akkadian is uncertain”.
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