< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zybati
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Formed as *zybь (“oscillation”) + *-ati, but beyond that - of uncertain origin. Compare *xybàti of similar meaning.
Inflection
Conjugation of *zybati, *zyba, *zybľetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *zybanьje | *zybati | *zybatъ | *zybalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *zybanъ | *zybľemъ |
| Active | *zybavъ | *zybľę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *zybaxъ | *zyba | *zyba | *zybľǫ | *zybľeši | *zybľetь |
| Dual | *zybaxově | *zybasta | *zybaste | *zybľevě | *zybľeta | *zybľete |
| Plural | *zybaxomъ | *zybaste | *zybašę | *zybľemъ | *zybľete | *zybľǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *zybaaxъ | *zybaaše | *zybaaše | — | *zybľi | *zybľi |
| Dual | *zybaaxově | *zybaašeta | *zybaašete | *zybľivě | *zybľita | — |
| Plural | *zybaaxomъ | *zybaašete | *zybaaxǫ | *zybľimъ | *zybľite | — |
Later reanalyzed among some daughter languages as:
Conjugation of *zybati, *zyba, *zybajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *zybanьje | *zybati | *zybatъ | *zybalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *zybanъ | *zybajemъ |
| Active | *zybavъ | *zybaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *zybaxъ | *zyba | *zyba | *zybajǫ | *zybaješi | *zybajetь |
| Dual | *zybaxově | *zybasta | *zybaste | *zybajevě | *zybajeta | *zybajete |
| Plural | *zybaxomъ | *zybaste | *zybašę | *zybajemъ | *zybajete | *zybajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *zybaaxъ | *zybaaše | *zybaaše | — | *zybaji | *zybaji |
| Dual | *zybaaxově | *zybaašeta | *zybaašete | *zybajivě | *zybajita | — |
| Plural | *zybaaxomъ | *zybaašete | *zybaaxǫ | *zybajimъ | *zybajite | — |
Related terms
- *zybь (“oscillation”)
- *zybъkъ (“unsteady”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old Ruthenian: зыба́ти (zybáti)
- Belarusian: зыба́ць (zybácʹ)
- Ukrainian: зиба́ти (zybáty)
- Russian: зы́бать (zýbatʹ)
- Old Ruthenian: зыба́ти (zybáti)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: zýbat
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “зы́бь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
- Olander, Thomas (2001) “zybati: zybjǫ zybjetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a vugge (PR 133)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016) “zíbati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*zyba̋ti”
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