< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/adgïr

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*adgïr

  1. stallion

Declension
Declension of *adgïr
Singular 3)
Nominative *adgïr
Accusative *adgïrnï, *adgïrïg 4), *adgïrnïg 1)
Genitive *adgïrnïŋ
Dative *adgïrka
Locative *adgïrta
Ablative *adgïrtan
Allative *adgïrgaru
Instrumental 2) *adgïrïn
Equative 2) *adgïrča
Similative 2) *adgïrlayu
Comitative 2) *adgïrlïgu
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: ӑйӑр (ăjăr)
  • → Proto-Mongolic: *ajïrga (“stallion”)[1][2]
  • Common Turkic: *adgïr
    • Proto-Oghuz: *ayɣïr
      • West Oghuz:
        • Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (ayğır)
      • East Oghuz:
        • Turkmen: aýgyr
    • Karluk:
      • Karakhanid: اَذْغِرْ (aδɣïr)
        • Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (aδɣïr), [script needed] (ayɣïr)
          • Chagatai: [script needed] (ayğır)
    • Kipchak:
      • Kipchak: ايغر (ayğır)
    • Siberian:
      • Old Turkic: 𐰑𐰍𐰺 (adɣïr)
        • Old Uyghur: ʾʾdqyr (adɣïr)
          • Western Yugur: азғыр (azğïr)
      • North Siberian:
      • South Siberian:
        • Sayan Turkic:
        • Yeniseian Turkic:
          • Khakas: асхыр (asxır)
          • Shor: асқыр
          • Chulym: asqïr
          • → Arin: askɨr [3]
          • → Assan: askir [3]
          • → Kott: askar [3]

See also
Animals in Turkic
dog: *ït hunting dog: *eker hen: *tiakïgu
lark: *torgay dove, pigeon: *kȫkerčin quail: *bïldurčïn
sparrow: *serče hawk, falcon: *kïrguy goose: *kāŕ
wolf: *bȫrü cow: *ingek calf: *buŕagu
camel: *tebe young of camel: *kȫĺek, *botu horse: *at
foal: *kulun worm: *kūrt snake: *yï̄lan
fox: *tilkü goat: *keči he-goat: *teke
lion: *arsïlan fish: *bālïk carp bream: *čapak
donkey: *eĺčgek carp: *siāŕgan catfish: *yāyïn
beaver: *kunduŕ hedgehog: *kirpi badger: *borsmuk
fly, mosquito: *siŋek wasp, bee: *ārï gadfly: *bȫgen
moth: *küńe louse: *bït earthworm: *sïbuĺgan
yak: *kotuz colt: *sïp dragon: *siāŕgan
worm: *kūrt deer: *keyik, *sïgun, *bulan, *bugu lizard: *keleŕ

References
  1. Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)‎, Utrecht: LOT, page 266
  2. Sanžejev, G. D., Orlovskaja, M. N., Ševernina, Z. V. (2015) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ mongolʹskix jazykov: v 3 t. [Etymological dictionary of Mongolic languages: in 3 vols.] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 43
  3. Khabtagaeva, Bayarma (2019) Language Contact in Siberia: Turkic, Mongolic, and Tungusic Loanwords in Yeniseian (The languages of Asia series; 19)‎, Brill, →ISBN, page 67
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “adğır”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 47
  • Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “aygır”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 6
  • Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, page 107
  • Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 64
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