< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þwerh

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *þwerhaz.

Adjective

*þwerh[1]

  1. transverse, crooked

Inflection
a-stem
Singular Masculine
Nominative *þwerh
Genitive *þwerhas
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *þwerh *þwerhu *þwerh
Accusative *þwerhanā *þwerhā *þwerh
Genitive *þwerhas *þwerheʀā *þwerhas
Dative *þwerhumē *þwerheʀē *þwerhumē
Instrumental *þwerhu *þwerheʀu *þwerhu
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *þwerhē *þwerhō *þwerhu
Accusative *þwerhā *þwerhā *þwerhu
Genitive *þwerheʀō *þwerheʀō *þwerheʀō
Dative *þwerhēm, *þwerhum *þwerhēm, *þwerhum *þwerhēm, *þwerhum
Instrumental *þwerhēm, *þwerhum *þwerhēm, *þwerhum *þwerhēm, *þwerhum

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Old English: þweorh, þwerh
    • Middle English: thwīre, thwyre
  • Old Frisian: þweres (adverb)
  • Old Saxon: thwerh, ðwerh
  • Old Dutch: *thwerh, *thwerhes
    • Middle Dutch: dwer, dwers, dwersch, dwāers
  • Old High German: dwerah

References
  1. Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 307: “PWGmc *þwerh”
  2. kvär in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
  3. “kvär” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog
  4. “kvær” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
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